俄罗斯大洋固体矿产资源调查研究进展

介绍了俄罗斯的海洋多金属结核、铁锰结壳、热液硫化物和磷钙土资源调查研究活动概况和发展趋势。

Research Development of Russian Oceanic Solid Mineral Resources

In this paper,investigations and development tendency of marine polymetallic nodules,ferromanganese crusts,hydrothermal sulfides and phosphorite nodules are introduced."Map of Oceanic Mineral Resources"was finished in 2000.The map was guided by plate tectonic theory,and took geologic ages,tectonic movements and lithofacies as background.The map divided the oceanic development into four stages:the first was disordered spreading stage(J 2-K 1,171~120 Ma)when the ancient oceanic plate and magnetic static zones formed;the second was a non-spreading stage(K 1-K 2,120~80 Ma)that saw extensively developed volcanism,as a result of that,great volcanic zone came into being;the third was linear and ordered spreading stage(K 2-P 3,80~26 Ma),during which young oceanic plate was created;and the fourth was an ordered and linear spreading stage(26~0 Ma)and mid-oceanic-ridge was formed.Ferromanganese nodules and crusts are geochemically classified into five types,namely Ni-Cu-rich type,Co-rich type,Mn-rich type,Ni-rich type and Ni-Cu-Co-rich type.