基于Reef Check调查的涠洲岛珊瑚礁生态状况评价

采用Reef Check（珊瑚礁健康调查法）和珊瑚礁生态系统健康指标因素分析法，对广西北海涠洲岛珊瑚礁健康状况进行评价。Reef Check调查从2001―2012年共进行了11 a，调查区为涠洲岛的竹蔗簝、公山、牛背坑3个地点，调查项目包括鱼类、无脊椎动物、珊瑚礁底质。调查结果表明：涠洲岛周边不同区域的珊瑚礁生态状况有较大差异，在竹蔗簝和牛背坑调查区的珊瑚礁覆盖率较为稳定；而在公山调查区，则发现珊瑚在2002年间出现了大面积死亡的情况，至今尚未恢复。利用珊瑚礁生态系统健康指标因素分析法对涠洲岛珊瑚礁健康状况进行评价，结果表明：竹蔗簝和牛背坑的珊瑚礁健康状态相似，都属于一般，其中牛背坑略好，而公山的珊瑚礁健康状态较差。

Ecological Situation of Coral Reefs in the Weizhou Island Based on Reef Check

In this article, Reef Check (coral reef health survey procedure) and factor analysis of coral reef ecosystem health index were used to evaluate the health status of the coral reefs at three sites (Zhuzheliao, Gongshan and Niubeikeng) of the Weizhou Island, Beihai, Guangxi Province from 2001 to 2012, focusing on fishes, invertebrates and reef substrates. The investigation results indicated that, during the nine years, coral reef ecological conditions showed big differences in different peripheral regions of the Weizhou Island. Although coral reef coverage was stable in Zhuzheliao and Niubeikeng, dominant population changed. But in Gongshan, coral death has occurred over a large area since 2002 and has not recovered up till now. Invertebrates were at extremely low levels, and fishes were also poor in both population quantity and diversity. This indicated that in this region, the coral reef ecosystem bore a heavy pressure from human activities.