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A continuous simulation model for design-hydrograph estimation in small and ungauged watersheds
Authors:S Grimaldi
Institution:1. Dipartimento per l'Innovazione nei Sistemi Biologici , Agroalimentari e Forestali (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo De Lellis snc , I-01100 , Viterbo , Italy;2. Honors Center of Italian Universities (H2CU), Sapienza University of Rome , Via Eudossiana 18, I-00184 , Roma , Italy;3. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering , Polytechnic Institute of New York University, Six MetroTech Center , Brooklyn , New York , 11201 , USA salvatore.grimaldi@unitus.it
Abstract:Abstract

A detailed investigation of the behaviour of various hydraulic parameters, using data from rivers in Greece, was conducted in order to explore the universality of features that many natural streams are believed to have in common. Analysis of vertical profiles of temporal mean of horizontal velocities (u) in the longitudinal (river flow) direction and of transverse profiles of depth-mean longitudinal velocities (U) estimated from these vertical profiles, measured at 232 cross-sections of several rivers in Greece, provided valuable information: on the distribution of local roughness coefficients (ni ) along the wetted perimeter of the cross-sections examined; on the shape of u profiles; on the ratio of maximum to mean cross-sectional velocity, Vmax/Vm , and its relation to a dimensionless entropy parameter, M; on the shape of U profiles; and on the normalized intensity, r, of the spatial departure of u velocities from Vm . The similarities among the quantities (u, U, n, Vmax/Vm , M, r) analysed in this study and in pertinent literature reveal that the rivers examined exhibit many of the basic features, of rather universal character, shown by other rivers (all over the world) having different geometric and/or other characteristics (aspect ratios, bottom roughness, flow kinematics, etc.). Corresponding differences are also described and explained.
Keywords:synthetic design hydrograph  copula-based rainfall generator  scale universal multi-fractal model  rainfall downscaling  WFIUH model  continuous models  ungauged basins
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