Role of satellite remote sensing for monitoring of surface water resources in an arid environment

Abstract

Water bodies up to 0.9 ha surface area, which are indistinguishable by Landsat Multispectral Scanner (MSS) due to the latter's poor spatial resolution of 80 m, can be identified and mapped reliably and reasonably within ±10% accuracy by Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) false colour composite because of its higher spectral and spatial resolution of 30 m. Comparative study of Landsat TM and the Survey of India topographical maps revealed reductions in the water surface and drainage basin areas up to 1.8 to 2.4 and 6.0 to 8.0 times, respectively, over a period of 28 years (1958–1986) due to the biotic interference resulting in desertification in the large adjoining areas.