Mammoths in our midst: The proboscideans of Anza-Borrego Desert State Park®, Southern California,USA |
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| Institution: | 1. Université de Lille 1, Laboratoire Géosystèmes (UMR 8217 CNRS), UFR Sciences de la Terre, Bâtiment SN5, 59655 Villeneuve d''Ascq cedex, France;2. Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, DO Terre et Histoire de la Vie, Rue Vautier, 29, 1000 Bruxelles, Belgique;3. Belgique and Université de Liège, Département de Géologie, B-18, Boulevard du Rectorat, Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, Belgique;4. Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, DO Terre et Histoire de la Vie, Service Géologique de Belgique, 13, rue Jenner, 1000 Bruxelles, Belgique;5. Muséum National d''Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7207 CNRS, Buffon Street, 75005 Paris, France;6. 269, rue Charenton, 75012 Paris, France;1. U.S. Geological Survey, Denver Federal Center, Box 25046, MS-980, Denver, CO 80225, USA;2. Department of Earth Sciences, Denver Museum of Nature and Science, Denver, CO 80205, USA |
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| Abstract: | Anza-Borrego Desert State Park® (ABDSP) has an exceptional proboscidean fossil record. The remains of Gomphotheriidae and Elephantidae span over 10 Ma and encompass over eighty productive sites. The most numerous of the proboscideans are the mammoths. Significant specimens include one of the youngest Gomphotherium and the most complete skeleton of Mammuthus meridionalis in North America.Over 6 km of fossiliferous sediments spans the Miocene–Pliocene and Pliocene–Pleistocene boundaries and provides a continuous record of changing environments. Over 550 taxa of aquatic and terrestrial plants, marine and lacustrine invertebrates, and marine, fresh water and terrestrial vertebrates are represented. Present are both Asian and South American immigrant mammals. M. meridionalis and M. columbi (=M. imperator) regionally co-existed here. A specimen from the Diablo Formation extends the temporal range of Gomphotherium in North America nearly one million years into the middle Blancan. |
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