地质环境系统的概念与特征——以洞庭湖区地质环境系统为例

地质环境系统是对人类经济技术活动作出共同响应的一定范围内地质环境的有机整体 ,是复杂的人工自然复合系统。文中以洞庭湖区防洪减灾为例 ,探讨了地质环境系统的概念、特征与研究思路。地质环境系统具有边界不确定性 ,影响传递的远距性与滞后性 ,系统行为的取向性、不确定性、难控性与反直观性 ,系统的社会性与共享性。因此 ,必须从成生、发展的角度 ,对其进行多学科综合研究 ,把握自然状态下系统演变的固有规律 ,分析叠加人为活动后系统结构、功能的变化及其机制。顺应自然、约束自然与人类自身 ,是建立人与自然相互协调的优化地质环境系统的根本原则。

CONCEPT AND CHARACTERISTICS OFGEO-ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS——AN EXAMPLE OF THE DONGTING LAKE AREAGEO-ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEM

Geo-environmental system (GES), as a kind of humanity-naturecompound one, is an organic entirety of geology environment in a certain range responding to the technique-economical activities of human being. Taking the Dongting Lake Area as an example, the concept, characteristics and research approaches of GES are discussed. Geo-environmental systems possess a series of distinctive characteristics: uncertain boundaries, long distance and long time delay for spreading disturbances, anti-audio-visualization and difficulty to be controlled, being always shared by different societies and having sociological property. The behavior of GES is both of certain orientation and uncertainty. Therefore, multidiscipline approaches should be integrated for understanding the origin and evolution of GES. It is necessary to know the intrinsic regularity of GES in natural conditions and their resulting changes of structure, function and mechanism caused by human activities. Conforming to nature, restriction of nature and human self-restraint are the fundamentals for establishing an optimum GES with coordination among humanity and nature.