世界能源转型背景下的地质调查工作建议

为应对全球气候变化,以新能源替代化石燃料和核燃料为特征的世界能源转型正快速推进,绿色、低碳、环保成为时代发展的代名词。在这场能源变革中,世界各国由于资源禀赋、能源消费结构、政策法律等方面的差异,应对能源转型的方式、做法也各不相同。英国以页岩气、地热等地下能源资源的利用及其相关基础设施建设和技术开发为重点;美国继续推进页岩气革命,加强天然气水合物预研究,同时强化传统化石能源利用的基础研究;欧盟则主要从整合区内市场、建立能源联盟的角度,增强自身能源安全保障。各国地调机构作为技术支撑力量,多聚焦于非常规能源资源的潜力评价、开发技术研究、关键技术装备研发、水力压裂的环境影响等,支撑服务于各国能源转型。鉴于中国的资源国情,提出以页岩气、天然气水合物、地热资源调查为重点,建世界顶级研发中心,推动非常规油气科技攻关,做好非常规油气开发前期技术储备,同时加强天然气定价机制研究,推动上海建立国际LNG交易中心等建议。

Some suggestions on geological survey in the background of world energy transformation

In order to cope with global climate change, the world energy transformation characterized by new energy resources replacing fossil fuels and nuclear fuels is rapidly advancing. Green, low carbon and environmental protection have become synonymous with the development of the times. In such a background, different countries practise different ways to deal with energy transformation due to differences in such aspects as resource endowments, energy consumption structure, and policy. For example, the United Kingdom focuses on the use of underground energy resources such as shale gas and geothermal energy and its associated infrastructure and technology; the United States continues to promote shale gas revolution, strengthen pre-research on gas hydrate, and strengthen basic research on traditional fossil energy use; The EU mainly focuses on integrating the regional market and establishing energy alliance so as to enhance its own energy security. As the technical support force, geological survey has been focusing on the potential evaluation of unconventional energy resources, research on developing technology, key technology equipment and environmental impact of hydraulic fracturing, with the purpose of supporting the national energy transformation. In view of China''s national resources conditions, it is proposed to focus on such aspects as shale gas, gas hydrate and geothermal resources, building the world''s top R & D center, promoting unconventional oil and gas research, doing a good pre-technical reserves on oil and gas development, strengthening the natural gas pricing mechanism research, and promoting the establishment of international LNG trading center in Shanghai.