潮汐性旅游流研究：概念框架与研究思路

旅游流是一种重要的旅游现象,是旅游地理学研究的核心问题之一,目前整体呈现出尺度多元、案例话题多样、大数据与精细化并重的研究态势,但这些研究大多是基于技术方法层面或是基于案例话题层面的创新,误将旅游流视作了最终的科学问题与研究目标,旅游流基础理论研究亟待重新认识、强化和丰富。“黄金周”假日旅游流是一种受时间、空间、信息等多项条件制约的、特殊的短时高强度旅游流,休假时间的集中化促使部分景区客流量达到一定程度时必然引发过度旅游,旅游企业管理如何正确应对和有效缓解“黄金周”带来的井喷效应、推进假日旅游的持续健康规范发展,仍需进一步深入探讨。论文以拥有品牌知名度且以资源禀赋优势为核心竞争力的强吸引力旅游景区的假日旅游流潮汐涨落与进退现象为立论依据,对比自然界海洋潮汐现象,推演旅游流的潮汐运动理论,并从流动特性、空间过程、系统动力、尺度效应、能量特征、数字模拟等角度构建了潮汐性旅游流研究的系统体系结构。通过将复杂的假日旅游流流动现象提炼为精简的理论解释,研究突破了传统的旅游季节性研究瓶颈,有益于丰富和充实中国旅游流研究的基础理论,并为旅游景区的“黄金周”假日旅游流管理实践提供现实指导。

Tidal tourism flow study:Conceptual framework and research ideas

Tourism flow is an important tourism phenomenon, and it is also one of the core problems in tourism geography research. At present, the overall research situation is characterized by multiple scales, multiple cases and themes, and equal emphasis on big data and refinement. However, most of the existing studies are based on innovations in technical methods or case topics, which mistakenly regard tourism flow as the ultimate scientific problem and research goal. Therefore, the basic theoretical research of tourism flow needs to be re-recognized, strengthened, and enriched. The "Golden Week" holiday tourism flow is a special short-term high-intensity tourism flow restricted by time, space, information, and other conditions. When the concentration of vacation time promotes the tourist flow in some scenic spots to a certain extent, it will inevitably lead to excessive tourism. How to correctly deal with and effectively alleviate the blowout effect caused by the Golden Week and promote the sustained, healthy, and standardized development of holiday tourism still needs further in-depth discussion. Based on the tidal fluctuation, advancing, and retreating phenomenon of holiday tourism flow in attractive scenic spots with well-known brand and resource endowment advantage as core competitiveness, this study deduced the tidal movement theory of tourism flow by comparing with the tidal phenomenon of oceans. A systematic framework of tidal tourism flow research was constructed from the aspects of flow characteristics, spatial process, system dynamics, scale effect, energy characteristics, and digital simulation. The research refined the complicated phenomenon of holiday tourism flow into a simplified theoretical explanation, broke through the bottleneck of traditional tourism seasonality research, and may enrich the basic theory of China's tourism flow research and provide an important practical reference for guiding the practice of Golden Week holiday tourism flow management in scenic spots.