重金属离子(Cu~(2 )、Pb~(2 )、Hg~(2 )、Cd~(2 ))对日本鳃丝和肝胰脏显微结构的影响

在实验生态条件下研究了重金属离子(Cu2 、Pb2 、Hg2 、Cd2 )对日本鳃丝和肝胰脏显微结构(15d)的影响。观察结果表明:在2 mg/L Cu2 处理组,日本鳃叶不规则增厚,鳃腔相对扩大,其中血细胞明显增多;上皮层出现破坏:角质膜(CU)呈波状拱起,部分上皮细胞脱离角质膜形成大的空泡(VA);上皮细胞排列不规则,并与数目众多的血细胞充挤于血腔;肝胰脏中构成肝管的细胞发生严重崩解,只残留包被在外周的一层结缔组织的被膜。10mg/L Pb2 处理组鳃丝角质膜明显呈波状突起;肝管结构紊乱,开始出现大量空泡(VA)。0.1 mg/L Hg2 暴露下,鳃丝上皮层偶有溶解现象;肝胰脏肝细胞空泡化(VA)现象更为严重,细胞间界限不明显,肝细胞溶解,有些细胞核固缩;被膜中的结缔组织充血,出现血细胞浸润现象。1 mg/L Cd2 暴露下,鳃丝上皮层严重解体,只剩一层角质层,鳃腔相对扩大,部分区域有充血现象;肝胰脏出现细胞质溶解,细胞间界限不明显,血细胞浸润等现象。

EFFECTS OF HEAVY METAL IONS(Cu~(2 ),Pb~(2 ),Hg~(2 ) AND Cd~(2 )) ON MICROSTRUCTURE OF GILLS AND HEPATOPANCREAS IN CHARYBDIS JAPONICA

The effects of heavy metal ions on the hisological structures of gill and hepatopancreas of Charybdis japonica were observed by means of a light microscope in 15 days experiment.The results showed: The gill filaments of Charybdis japonica exposed to 2 mg/L Cu2 were thickened irregularly and enlarged gill chambers in which haemolymph cells appeared much more.Epithelium was destroyed which corneum was arched,part of epithelial cells shed from corneum and formed a large vacuole.Epithelial cells irregularly arranged and abounded in the hemocele with haemolymph cells;hepatopancreas dissolved and only an envelope of collectual tissue was left around the hepatopancreas duct.In the groups of 10mg/L Pb2 ,the corneum of gills was arched significantly while the structure of hepatopancreas duct was disturbed and so many vacuoles appeared.The epithelium of gills in the 0.1 mg/L Hg2 groups was dissolved by accident while the vacuoles appeared more in the hepatopancreas duct,the borderlines between cells were obscure and haemolymph cell infiltration was observed.Exposed to 1 mg/L Cd2 ,the epithelium of gills was disassembled seriously and corneum was left only in the hepatopancreas,the cytoplasm was dissolved and the borderlines between cells were obscure and haemolymph cell infiltration was observed.