线下和线上场景社区零售可达性及公平性研究

随着数字化转型深入居民日常生活，线上服务对社区资源配置的效率和公平产生了深远影响。论文以南京零售业为例，基于线下和线上零售特征，采用WMS (Web Map Service)方法和SAG (Scenarios Accessibility Gap)测度线下、线上和综合场景下社区零售可达性格局及其场景差异，采用SLM (Spatial Lag Model)、基尼系数，逐一讨论多场景下不同收入群体的社区零售可达性的公平差异程度。结果表明：(1)不同场景下，南京市社区零售可达性均呈现“城郊两极化”区域差异，随中心城区、主城区、郊区逐次下降。(2)线上服务能有效提高96.76%社区的零售可达性，降低线下场景中64.23%的盲点社区，显著优化了传统线下的社区零售可达性。(3)线下场景，零售可达性随着房价区间升高而先升后降；线上场景，零售可达性随着房价区间升高呈现线性递增，说明线上服务改变了线下场景社区经济属性与零售可达性的关系，放大了不同经济属性社区之间的机会不平等。(4)线下场景，南京市不同收入群体所享有的社区零售资源差距相对较小，而线上场景则差距较大，不公平性更高；由于尺度效应，相比于线下场景...

Accessibility and fairness of community retailing under offline and online scenarios

As digital transformation penetrates into residents' daily lives, online services have changed residents' living habits and community services, which has a remarkable impact on the efficiency and fairness of social service configuration. Current research has been limited to traditional offline scenarios of community retailing and the impact mechanisms, and less consideration has been given to the impact of the growing online to offline (O2O) platforms on the accessibility and fairness of community retailing. In addition, the methods for assessing the accessibility of community retailing under the online scenario should be optimized. Taking Nanjing City's community retailing as an example, this study integrated Web Map Service (WMS) and Scenarios Accessibility Gap (SAG) to map the spatial pattern of accessibility of community retails under offline, online, and integrated scenarios based on offline and online retail characteristics. The Spatial Lag Model (SLM) and Gini coefficient were adopted to measure the fairness of community retail accessibility for different income groups under the three scenarios. The results show that: 1) Under all scenarios, community retail accessibility in Nanjing shows an urban-rural polarization pattern, decreasing gradually from the central city to the other parts of the city and then to the suburbs. 2) Of all communities, 96.76% have improved accessibility of retail services by online services, and 64.23% of the blind spot communities under the offline scenario have improved assessibility with online services that significantly optimized the accessibility of traditional offline community retail. 3) Under the offline scenario, retail accessibility follows an inverted U-shaped curve as the housing price rises; under the online scenario, retail accessibility increases linearly as the housing price increases, which indicates that online services changed the relationship between economic attributes and retail accessibility in offline communities, amplifying the inequality of opportunities between communities with different economic attributes. 4) Under the offline scenario, the gap between community retail resources of different income groups is relatively small (0.20), while the gap is larger and inequity is higher under the online scenario (0.24); due to the scale effect, the fairness of community retail within most of urban district is higher under the online scenario compared to the offline scenario. The findings can provide some references for the construction of community living circle and ensuring the fairness of community services.