砂铁矿土壤种子库组成及出苗规律研究（英文）

砂铁矿的开采对周边荒漠草地产生较大影响，土壤种子库极度破坏，曾经的荒漠草场利用率和生产力几乎为零，严重影响了当地畜牧业发展和生态环境安全。人工补充土壤种子库对生态修复后荒漠草地物种组成影响十分重要。本研究以平整后的砂铁矿为研究对象，采用室内发芽盘方法，对比分析了砂铁矿土壤种子库人工补充前后出苗规律及物种组成以及种子埋深对出苗率的影响，结论认为：(1)青河县砂铁矿区原始土壤种子库仅包含4种植物，均为一年生藜科植物，优势种为刺沙蓬和虫实，且土壤种子库密度非常小；(2)研究区土壤种子库出苗与水分关系密切，增加水分，一年生植被出现“爆发式”出苗现象；(3)种子埋深影响多年生植被出苗率，0-5cm是出苗的最佳埋深。播深合适的情况下，人工补充土壤种子库在7天就可以完成出苗，这些结论均为修复时选择物种及大面积推广提供依据和奠定基础。

Study on Seed Bank Composition and Seedling Emergence Regularity in Placer Iron Ore Soil

The mining of placer iron ore greatly influences the surrounding desert grassland. In Agdala Town, Qinghe County, Xinjiang, the soil seed bank is severely damaged, and the utilization and productivity of desert grasslands are almost zero, which seriously affects the safety of the ecological environment and the development of local animal husbandry. It is very important to supplement soil seed banks to enhance the species composition of desert grasslands after ecological restoration. In this study, the effects of the seed bank, species composition, and seed burial depth on the seedling emergence rate at placer iron ore site before and after artificial seed bank replenishment were compared using the germination tray method. The original soil seed bank in the study area contained only four species, which were all annual plants. The dominant species were Salsola ruthenica and Corispermum orientale, and the soil seed bank density was very small. The emergence regularity of the soil seed bank was closely related to water content, and the emergence of annual vegetation was explosive. Seed burial depth affected the emergence rate of perennial grass, and we determined that a burial depth of 0-5 cm was the most effective for emergence. This indicates that seedling emergence of artificially supplemented soil seed bank can be completed within 7 days if the sowing depth is appropriate; sowing depths greater than 5 cm affect seed germination. These findings provide a basis for selecting species to populate large areas.