生物可降解聚乳酸塑料包装产品的生命周期评价——以中国天津为例（英文）

本文采用生命周期评价（LCA）的方法，从原料获取、原料运输、产品生产、产品使用和最终处置五个阶段对可降解聚乳酸（PLA）包装塑料的能耗和环境影响进行了评价和量化。并选择7个影响类别进行影响分析：非生物耗竭潜力（ADP）、全球变暖潜力（GWP）、酸化潜力（AP）、富营养化潜力（EP）、光化学臭氧形成潜力（POCP）、人类毒性潜力（HTP）和陆地生态毒性潜力（TETP）。通过对生命周期评价结果的讨论，发现对环境影响最大的是产品生产环节。同时，在整个生命周期中，环境影响排名前三的类别分别为GWP、ADP和HTP，分别占32.63%、24.83%和14.01%。根据LCA的研究结果，减少环境影响的途径有：降低电耗、增加新能源的投入、提高生产过程中物料的转化率、使用有机和水溶性肥料代替传统肥料、使用环保型燃料建立完善的回收体系。

Life Cycle Assessment of Biodegradable Polylactic Acid (PLA) Plastic Packaging Products—Taking Tianjin,China as a Case Study

In this paper, the life cycle assessment (LCA) method is used to evaluate and quantify the energy consumption and environmental impacts of biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) plastic packaging from the five stages of raw material acquisition, raw material transportation, product production, products use and final disposal. Seven impact categories were selected for the impact analysis: abiotic depletion potential fossil fuels (ADP), global warming potential (GWP), acidification potential (AP), eutrophication potential (EP), photochemical ozone formation potential (POCP), human toxicity potential (HTP), and terrestrial ecotoxicity potential (TETP). The results of the LCA are discussed and the results show that production of products is the highest stage of the environmental impact. Meanwhile, in the entire life cycle, the top three environmental impact categories are GWP, ADP and HTP, which account for 32.63%, 24.83% and 14.01%, respectively. The LCA results show that the environmental impact can be reduced in several ways: reducing the consumption of electricity, increasing the input of new energy, increasing the conversion rate of materials in the production process, using organic and water-soluble fertilizers instead of conventional fertilizers, using environment-friendly fuels and establishing a sound recycling system.