黄河流域县域交通供给格局及其空间适配性

分析黄河流域交通供给水平特征及其与经济社会发展的空间适配性，对交通资源优化配置、提升交通供需适配性具有重要参考。论文基于黄河流域现状综合交通运输与经济社会基础数据，分析了黄河流域县域交通优势度分异特征，并探讨了交通与县域发展质量的空间适配性。结果表明：黄河流域县域交通优势度有待提升，在人口与GDP方面呈现一定错配特征；高优势度县域集中分布在济南—郑州—西安—兰州通道沿线。黄河流域交通供给均衡性水平高于经济社会差异；样带交通优势度呈现陇海—兰新“一”字型样带>“几”字湾样带>南北纵向“1”字型样带的分布态势，固定资产投资、产业结构、城镇化、经济基础是影响黄河流域县域交通优势度的主要因素。“几”字湾样带和南北纵向“1”字型样带还受到高程、坡度等自然因素的制约；流域40.05%的县域处于初级适配状态，38.78%的县域为交通劣势型，集中在青藏高原、黄土高原沟壑区和内蒙古中西部地区，亟需提升交通设施对该类县域经济社会发展的支撑与保障能力。

Spatial pattern of transport condition and its matching with county development in the Yellow River Basin

The analysis of the characteristics of transport condition and its spatial matching with economic and social development in the Yellow River Basin is of great importance for optimizing the allocation of transport resources and improving the adaptability of transport supply. Using comprehensive transportation and socioeconomic data of the Yellow River Basin, this study analyzed the spatial pattern of transport condition at the county level and examined the spatial matching between transportation and county development quality in the basin. The results show that: The transport condition needs to be improved, and transport condition shows some mismatch with population and GDP, respectively. Counties with high level of development of transportation are concentrated along the Jinan-Zhengzhou-Xi'an-Lanzhou corridor. The spatial equity of transport supply is higher than that of economic and social development in the basin. At the zonal level, transport condition demonstrates a declining trend from the east-west Longhai-Lanxin zone to the big bent extending to the east and west, and then to the north-south zone. Fixed assets investment, industrial structure, urbanization, and economic foundation are the main factors that affect the transport condition at the county level in the basin. Furthermore, transport condition at the big bent extending to the east and west and the north-south zones are also restricted by natural factors such as elevation and slope. Of all the counties in the basin, 40.05% are in the basic matching state between transport supply and socioeconomic development. Meanwhile, 38.78% of all the counties belong to the transport disadvantage type, which are concentrated on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the gully region of the Loess Plateau, and central and western Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the support and guarantee capacity of transport facilities for the economic and social development of these counties.