地表城市热岛效应的概念内涵与定量刻画

明晰城市热岛（UHI）效应相关概念内涵、厘清其定量刻画方法是有效开展UHI效应研究的重要基础。全球城市化进程使UHI效应越发普遍,相关研究数量迅速增长并出现了UHI效应的多样认知,尤其对具有空间异质性表征优势的地表城市热岛（SUHI）效应开发了多样的定量刻画方法,但目前尚缺乏对其定量刻画方法的系统梳理。因此,本文对城市热岛、城市热岛效应、地表温度和城市热环境等易混淆概念进行了辨析,总结了各类UHI典型空间位置和尺度范围。在SUHI效应定量刻画中,将SUHI范围识别方法归结为城乡温度阈值、温度等级阈值、高斯拟合参数、温度衰减突变四大类,指出当前SUHI范围识别研究侧重于对SUHI影响规模的认知。研究同时对各类范围识别方法所对应的SUHI强度表征指标进行了梳理,认为理解指标本质内涵是掌握指标间潜在差异的前提。未来研究应整合多维度数据以突破单一SUHI监测途径,发展大尺度SUHI定量刻画方法以拓展定量研究的广度,认知连通化SUHI空间形态以挖掘范围识别研究的深度。

Conceptual connotation and quantitative characterization of surface urban heat island effect

Understanding the conceptual connotation related to urban heat island (UHI) effect and clarifying its quantitative characterization methods are important foundations for effective UHI effect research. The global urbanization has made the UHI effect more and more common, which leads to a rapid increase in the number of related studies. In this context, different concepts related to UHI effect have emerged, and particularly, various quantitative characterization methods have been developed for surface urban heat island (SUHI) which has the advantage of spatial heterogeneity characterization. However, there is still a lack of systematic review of quantitative characterization methods of SUHI. Therefore, this study distinguished and analyzed the confusing concepts such as urban heat island, urban heat island effect, surface temperature and urban thermal environment. Then, the typical spatial locations and scale ranges of various UHIs were summarized. In the quantitative characterization of SUHI effect, this study categorized the SUHI range identification methods into four categories: methods based on urban and rural temperature threshold, temperature grade threshold, Gaussian fitting parameter, and temperature attenuation mutation. The current SUHI range identification research focuses on the cognition of the SUHI impact scale. This study also sorted out the SUHI intensity indicators corresponding to various range identification methods. Understanding the essential connotation of each indicator is the prerequisite for grasping the potential differences between the indicators. Future research should integrate multi-source SUHI monitoring methods, develop large-scale SUHI quantitative characterization methods, and cognize connected SUHI spatial morphology.