人地耦合视角下中国自然保护地有效性评估研究进展与展望

自然保护地有效性评估是测度其管护效果并提出改进意见的重要手段。论文从人地耦合的视角出发，提出了自然保护地有效性评估不同阶段对应的目标层次。在此基础上，分析了有效管理理论、景观可持续理论和社会—生态网络理论在指导自然保护地有效性评估中的作用。依据不同阶段的目标层次，系统地梳理了中国自然保护地有效性评估现状，并提出了提升社区治理在评估体系中的重要性、从生物多样性保护转向兼顾人类福祉提升的评估、探究管理工作对自然保护地有效性的作用机制、推动自然保护地监测网络与数据平台建设等未来研究趋势，从而完善人地耦合视角下的自然保护地有效性评估路径，以期改善自然保护地有效性评估的时效性、全面性与合理性，促进人与自然的和谐共生。

Progress and prospect of research on the effectiveness assessment of protected areas in China from the perspective of coupled human-environment system

Effectiveness assessment of protected areas is an important means to measure management and protection effects and put forward suggestions for improvement. From the perspective of coupled human-environment system, this study divided the effectiveness assessment of protected areas into four stages: infrastructure construction, primary protection, ecological function enhancement, and human-environment harmony, corresponding to the four targets of a well-established protection system, the safety of protected objects, ecosystem health, and human well-being, respectively. On this basis, we analyzed the role of effective management theory, landscape sustainability theory, and social-ecological network theory in guiding the assessment of the effectiveness of protected areas. By examining the progress of the effectiveness assessment of protected areas in China, this article proposed four future research directions, including increasing the importance of community governance in the assessment system, shifting from focusing on biodiversity conservation to considering the improvement of human well-being, exploring the mechanism of management work on the effectiveness of protected areas, and promoting the construction of monitoring networks and data platforms for protected areas, in order to improve the timeliness, comprehensiveness, and soundness of the effectiveness assessment of protected areas, and to promote the harmonious coexistence of humans and nature.