农村社区农户互动效应的定量评估——来自河南省杞县孟寨村的实证

信息流动会使农户产生互动学习效应,进而影响农户的农业生产率。基于河南省孟寨村第8小组农户的普查,获得有关农户亲戚、邻居和与之地块邻近农户的社会经济特征和大蒜产量的信息,对这些群组内部的互动学习效应进行检验,并识别不同类型的互动效应。结果表明:内生互动效应仅存在于亲缘群组;情境互动效应存在于地邻群组和邻里群组,但在两个群组中存在一定的差异;关联效应在三个群组均存在,与亲缘群组相比,邻里群组和地邻群组中关联效应更大,但在亲缘群组中,关联效应远小于内生互动效应,在邻里群组和地邻群组中也远小于情境互动效应。研究结论对国外学者的发现进行了修正。这种理论研究具有重要的政策含义。

Quantitative evaluation on effect of farmers' interaction in rural community:Evidence from Mengzhai Village,Henan Province

Agriculture information flows will produce interactive learning effect, and the existence of interactive learning effect plays very important roles in the spread of agricultural technology. Based on the surveys in Mengzhai Village, Henan Province, we collect the data concerning the social and economic conditions on garlic production of neighbors, relatives and nearby-plot farmers, examine interactive learning effect, and analyze the interaction consequences in different types of groups. Results show that: (1) endogenous interaction effects exist only in the kinship group; (2) contextual interaction effect exists in nearby-plot groups and neighborhood group, but interactive learning effects have remarkable differences between the groups; (3) correlated effect exists in all the groups. Compared with the kinship group, the other groups have more correlated effect. Correlated effect is much weaker than endogenous interaction effect in the kinship group, and it is also smaller than contextual interaction effect in nearby-plot group and neighborhood group; (4) direction can be identified in farmers' interactive learning. This suggests that a few farmers learn new methods by communicating with external actors or accumulating the new knowledge by planting the garlic, and their interaction with other farmers might result in knowledge externalities. The size of externalities depends on the degree of intimacy between farmers. The above conclusions have some important policy implications for the diffusion of new technology in Mengzhai Village. For example, in the extension of new technology, we can select a few farmers with stronger absorptive ability in different kinship groups, encourage them to adopt new technology, and thus affect other farmers to accept new technology by the interactive effect. These results revise the findings of foreign scholars. This academic research has important meanings for policy-making.