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Simulation of irregular waves in an offshore wind farm with a spectral wave model
Authors:S Ponce de León  JH BettencourtN Kjerstad
Institution:a Ålesund University College, Department of Technology and Nautical Sciences, Larsgårdsvegen 2, 6009 Ålesund, Norway
b Institute for Cross-Disciplinary Physics and Complex Systems (IFISC), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), University of Balearic Islands (UiB), Edifici Instituts Universitaris de Recerca, Campus Universitat de les Illes Balears, E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
Abstract:A numerical study of irregular waves in the Norwegian continental shelf wind farm (HAVSUL-II) was conducted using 3rd generation spectral wave models. The study was composed of two parts: the study of the effect of a single windmill monopile in the local incoming wave field using an empirical JONSWAP spectrum, and a wave hindcast study in the wind farm area using realistic incoming wave spectra obtained from large scale simulations for the 1991-1992 winter period. In the single windmill monopile study the SWAN wave model was used, while the hindcast study was conducted by successively nesting from a coarse grid using the WAM model up to a high-resolution (56 m) grid covering 26.2 km2 of the HAVSUL-II windmill farm using the SWAN model. The effect of a single monopile on incident waves with realistic spectra was also studied. In the single windmill study the monopile was represented as a closed circular obstacle and in the hindcast study it was represented as a dry grid point. The results showed that the single windmill monopile creates a shadow zone in the down wave region with lower significant wave height (Hs) values and a slight increase of Hs in the up wave region. The effects of the windmill monopile on the wave field were found to be dependent on the directional distribution of the incoming wave spectrum and also on the wave diffraction and reflection. The hindcast study showed that the group of windmill monopiles may contribute to the reduction of the wave energy inside the offshore wind farm and that once the waves enter into the offshore wind farm they experience modifications due to the presence of the windmill monopiles, which cause a blocking of the wave energy propagation resulting in an altered distribution of the Hs field.
Keywords:Irregular waves  Windmill monopile  Offshore wind farm  SWAN  Norwegian continental shelf  Wave diffraction
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