祁连山老虎沟12号冰川表面能量和物质平衡模拟

采用HOCK的分布式能量物质平衡模型对老虎沟12号冰川消融期的物质平衡进行了模拟，时间步长为1 h，空间分辨率为30 m. 模型结果利用物质平衡观测数据和气象站观测数据验证，模型模拟时期为2012年6月1日-9月30日. 模型模拟结果表明，地形因子对太阳辐射影响相当显著；散射辐射在总辐射中的比例较大为39%，模拟期冰川表面物质平衡为-506 mm w.e.. 在模拟期整个冰川平均上净辐射占能量收入的84%，感热通量占有16%；消融耗热则是能量的主要支出占有62%，潜热通量占有能量支出的38%.

Simulating the energy and mass balances on the Laohugou Glacier No. 12 in the Qilian Mountains

By using a 1-h temporal resolution and 30-m spatial resolution grid-based distributive surface mass-energy model, the energy distribution and mass balance on the Laohugou No.12 Glacier were simulated. The period of simulation was from June 1st to September 30 th, 2012. The simulated results were validated by solar and net radiation data from meteorological stations and measured mass-balance data, respectively. The simulated results show that terrain factors have a considerably effect on solar radiation. Diffuse radiation accounts for 38% of global radiation. The mass balance averaged over the simulated period is 893 mm w.e. During the simulative period and over the glacier, the net radiation is the principal energy source (84%), followed by the sensible het flux (16%); whereas the main energy expenditure is the heat flux for snow/ice ablation (62%), followed by the latent heat flux (38%).