内蒙古贫困地区生态安全评价及空间格局分析

在压力-状态-响应(Pressure-State-Response, PSR)模型确立指标体系的基础上,采用灰色关联度分析和熵值赋权相结合的方法,测算出2012年内蒙古贫困地区生态安全综合,压力,状态和响应指数,对研究区生态安全状况进行综合评价;并利用地理空间分析方法和空间分析软件GeoDA对生态安全综合状况进行空间相关性分析,同时结合研究区自然地理特征和社会经济状况,对其生态安全空间格局特征及成因进行诊断性分析.研究发现:(1) 内蒙古贫困地区生态安全水平整体处于一般状态,等级布局具有大聚集,小分散的特点;(2) 生态安全状况分布并非完全随机性,而是表现出空间相似值之间的空间聚集,具有正相关性;(3) 生态安全等级分布状况呈现出区域分异的特点,总体表现为内蒙古西部和东部贫困地区处于一般状态,而中部贫困地区生态安全水平整体处于良好状态,区域内部生态安全水平具有明显的县域差异;(4) 生态安全水平较好的县域和生态安全处于一般水平的县域,压力,状态,响应指标方面差距明显,且影响因素各异.

The Evaluation and Spatial Pattern Characteristics of Ecological Safety in the Poor Areas of Inner Mongolia

On the basis of establishing the index-system using the pressure-state-response model, we combined the gray correlation degree analysis with the entropy weighting method to calculate the ecological safety indices of the comprehensive, pressure, state, and response factors, and made a comprehensive evaluation for the poor areas of Inner Mongolia in 2012. And we used the geographical spatial analysis method and spatial analysis software of GeoDA to analyze the spatial correlation of index on the comprehensive safety for the research area. Meanwhile, by combining the physical geographical characteristics and the socioeconomic status of the research area, we diagnostically analyzed the ecological safety status of the research area. In this research, we made the following conclusions: comprehensively, the ecological safety in the poor areas of Inner Mongolia is in the general state condition, and the ecological safety level distribution has presented characteristics of majorly concentrated, and a few scattered. The distribution of ecological safety status was not completely random, it shows a spatial aggregation pattern within values that have similarity, and indicate a positive correlation. The ecological safety level distribution presents the regional difference, that the west and east poor areas were in the general state condition, and the poor areas of the central Inner Mongolia is in the good state condition overall. The ecological safety level has revealed obvious internal differences among counties. There are obvious contrasts on the ecological safety level between cities in the better state and the general state, which is reflected in the indicators of pressure, state, and response, and the effects are different regarding to different factors.