张家界旅游企业空间成长对城镇空间形态的影响

运用核密度估计法和标准差椭圆分析法,分析张家界旅游企业空间成长特征及演化过程;选取紧凑度指标,结合城镇空间均衡分布椭圆,分析张家界城镇空间形态演化过程;通过比较不同阶段旅游企业椭圆和城镇空间椭圆的重合面积,剖析旅游企业空间成长对城镇空间形态的影响程度。研究发现：① 张家界旅游企业空间成长过程和特征为：由出现期的“一核多极点”逐渐演变为生成期的“核心-边缘”,最后在发展期形成一个高集聚中心和三个次中心联动的“组团扩展型”格局;② 张家界建成区面积呈现增长态势,城镇空间不断扩展,建成区用地紧凑度逐渐下降;③ 不同阶段,张家界旅游企业空间成长对城镇空间形态的影响程度有一定的差异性,整体呈现出逐渐增强的趋势。研究结论对于重新认识旅游对城镇化建设的作用具有重要的现实意义。

The influence of spatial growth of tourism enterprises on urban spatial morphology in Zhangjiajie

This paper analyzes the spatial growth characteristics and evolution process of the tourism enterprises in Zhangjiajie by the method of Kernel Density Estimation and Standard Deviation Ellipse. It selects the compactness index and the spatial uniform distribution ellipse of urban area to examine the urban spatial morphology evolution in Zhangjiajie. We compare the overlap area of tourism enterprises ellipse and urban space ellipse in different stages and explore the impact of the growth of tourism enterprises on urban spatial morphology. Results show that: (1) The spatial growth process and characteristics of the tourism enterprises in the study area presented a pattern of "one core and multiple poles" in the initial peirod, then turned to the "core-periphery" of the generation period and finally formed a "cluster expansion" pattern with a high density center and three sub-center linkages in the development stage. (2) The built-up area of the city showed an increasing trend, the urban space expanded continuously, and the compactness of built-up area gradually decreased. (3) In different stages, the degrees of the spatial growth characteristics of tourism enterprises impacting the urban spatial morphology are different, and present a gradual increasing trend. The conclusion is of great practical significance for re-understanding the role of tourism in the construction of urbanization.