基于城乡转型功能分区的京津冀乡村振兴模式探析

乡村振兴战略是我国现代乡村发展理论与实践的创新,核心在于破解乡村地域系统的“五化”问题。乡村振兴的模式及路径探究是乡村振兴的重要研究内容。我国乡村地域辽阔、类型差异万千,因此乡村振兴发展策略的制定必须充分考虑到区域的差异化特征,并在乡村分区、分类的基础上开展乡村振兴模式的探索。本文以京津冀地区为研究范围,从“人口-土地-产业”视角构建城乡转型评价指标体系,根据城乡转型的发展轨迹进行功能分区,并基于分区进行乡村振兴典型模式的梳理,以期形成区域发展样板,为京津冀乡村振兴提供理论参考,并为其他地区乡村振兴模式的梳理提供研究思路和技术支撑。

Rural revitalization mode in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei from the perspective of urban-rural transformation functional zoning

Rural Revitalization Strategy is a major innovation in the theory and practice of modern rural development which aims to solve China’s rural “five trends” (i.e., five major problems). These are: the rapid non-agricultural conversion of agricultural production factors, the excessively fast aging and weakening of agricultural social subjects, the increasing empty-disuse of village construction land, the severe pollution and damage of rural water-soil environment, and the deep impoverishment of poverty-stricken rural areas. Rural revitalization mode and path analysis is an important research content. Due to the variety of China’s rural types, it is necessary to make rural development strategy and summarize the mode of rural revitalization on the basis of zoning and classifying the characteristics of different regions. In this context, this research firstly measures the urban-rural transformation in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from the population-land-industry perspective based on space analytic geometry, and then develops different functional zones by using trajectory analysis method. Then modes of rural revitalization are summarized for each functional zone to provide theoretical reference for Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region’s rural revitalization. The results are as follows: (1) This study area is divided into four functional zones according to the characteristics of urban-rural transformation, i.e., dominant transition area, key transition area, potential transition area and restricted transition area. (2) The rural revitalization modes in the dominant transition area mainly include pulling mode of rural tourism in suburban areas and development mode of multifunctional agriculture in suburbs; the ones in the key transition area mainly include rural e-commerce driving mode, land consolidation driving mode and pastoral complex development mode; the ones in the potential transition area mainly include industrial enterprises driving mode, agricultural industrialization driving mode and eco-cultural tourism development mode; the ones in the restricted transition area mainly include development model of characteristic ecological agriculture and “Relocation+” mode. (3) It is the focus and difficulty to explore the path of rural revitalization for the further research. It is important to form an evaluation scale of rural development by constructing a series of indicator systems and then to calculate the rural revitalization degree to clarify the status and potential of the villages. We hope these findings could provide research ideas and technical support for exploring the rural revitalization modes in China’s other regions.