1989-2014年毛乌素沙地湖泊面积

湖泊面积可反映区域气候变化和人类活动等信息。选取1989、1994、1999、2004、2009、2014年Landsat遥感影像数据，采用人工目视解译、ArcGIS空间分析等方法分析毛乌素沙地湖泊面积变化特征，并结合毛乌素周边气象站点气象数据、所在县区统计年鉴数据对湖泊面积变化的影响因素进行分析。结果表明：（1）毛乌素沙地湖泊近30年总体上处于萎缩状态，具体表现为1994年前湖泊面积增加，后持续减小，不同面积等级湖泊变化情况不同；从空间上看，30年间湖泊面积减小明显的湖泊主要在东北部地区，面积增大明显的湖泊主要在西南部地区，中部地区湖泊面积相对稳定；（2）气候变化和人类活动是近30年影响毛乌素沙地湖泊面积的主要因素。2000年前，湖泊面积主要受气温、降水的影响。特别是1989-1994年，湖泊面积变化量在空间上呈现显著的正相关关系；（3）2000年后，随着区域内人类活动的加剧，湖泊面积主要受人类活动的影响，在人类活动的干扰下，湖泊面积变化量在空间上未表现出显著的正相关关系。

Lake Area Change in the Mu Us Desert in 1989-2014

It is important to study the change of lake area, which can reflect regional climate change and human activities. Landsat remote sensing data of the 6th periods of 1989, 1994, 1999, 2004, 2009 and 2014 were selected to reveal the spatial and temporal changes of the lake group area in the Mu Us Desert. We combined artificial visual interpretation and ArcGIS spatial analysis with meteorological data from surrounding meteorological stations in the Mu Us Desert and the statistical yearbook data of the relevant counties to analyze the influencing factors of the lake area changes. The results showed that:(1) The lakes in the Mu Us Desert has been atrophic for nearly 30 years. To be specific, lake area increased before 1994, then it continued to decrease, and the change varied with different area levels. Spatially, in the past 30 years, the lakes with a large decreased area were mostly located in the northeast of the study area, while the lakes with an obvious increased area were mainly located in the southwest of the region, and the size of lake area in the central region were relatively stable. (2) Climate change and human activities have been the main factors, which influenced the change of lake area in the Mu Us Desert in the past 30 years. Before 2000, the change of lake area were mainly affected by temperature and precipitation. Especially from 1989 to 1994, the lake area change showed a significant positive correlation with temperature and precipitation in the entire space. (3) After 2000, with the intensification of human activities in the region, the change of lake area were mainly affected by human activities. Under the "interference" of human activities, the change of lake area did not show a significant positive correlation with human activities in the space.