开放式低场磁共振诊断直肠癌新方法征像分析

目的:探讨开放式低场磁共振诊断直肠癌的扫描方法并对所见征像进行分析。资料与方法:搜集我院病理证实的直肠癌患者16例。16例患者能够配合整个扫描过程,无严重心、肝、肺、肾疾病。扫描前1天患者做肠道准备,扫描前15分钟注射解痉剂,经肛门插管注入生理盐水1000ml左右,然后注入气体1000 ml左右,尽量使肠管扩张,患者如有不适,应立即停止灌肠。检查前对患者进行呼吸训练,使患者平静呼吸,呼吸幅度尽量减小。分别采用仰卧位与俯卧位进行检查。结果直肠癌肿MRI主要表现为直肠局限性或弥漫性肠壁增厚和肿块形成。T₁癌肿表现为中等偏低信号,边界清楚。T₂癌肿呈较高信号。Gd-DTPA增强技术,癌肿显示不规则强化。对周围脏器如子宫、膀胱、前列腺和盆腔壁等显示良好。结论:开放式低场磁共振扫描仪在诊断直肠癌过程中,操作相对简单,患者痛苦小,容易配合,病变显示清晰。

Initial Trial in Diagnosis of Rectal Cancer by Using Open-Configuration Lower Strength Magnetic Resonance Scanner and Signs Analysis

Objective: To discuss the value of the open lower magnetic resonance(MR) scanner in detecting rectal cancer,and to analyze the signs.Materials and methods: We have collected sixteen cases of rectal cancer diagnosed by our pathology examination.The sixteen patients would cooperate throughout the entire scanning process and they didn’t have serious diseases in the heart,liver,lung or kidney.The intestinal tract was prepared on the previous day.Spasmolysant was given to the patients fifteen minutes before scanning,after that,about 1000ml of normal saline was inpoured through the cannula inside of the anus,followed by about 1000ml of air to expand the intestinal canal as large as possible.Inpouring was stopped when the patients experienced discomfort.Before the examination,the patients were trained to inhale and exhale calmly and to diminish their breath extent to the limit.Patients used supine and prone positions while being examined.Result: The main MR manifestations of rectal cancer were local or diffuse thickening of the intestinal walls and forming of lumps,which appears as a middle-to-low-signal-intensity in T1 MR imaging with distinct border and a relative higher-signal-intensity in T2 MR imaging.The cancer was shown as irregular strengthening images by Gd-DTPA.The surrounding organs such as the uterus,urinary bladder,prostate gland and pelvic cavity wall could be well displayed by MR.Conclusion: The open-configuration lower strength MR scanner is relatively easy to operate in the process of diagnosing rectal cancer and can show clearly the pathological change of rectal cancer.At the same time,it brings few sufferings and little trouble to patients.It is a new method and shows high value in assisting in the diagnosis of rectal cancer.