南极中山站极光形态的统计特征

利用极光全天空摄象机１９９５年和１９９７年在南极中山站观测的极光数据，对中山站上空极光的出现情况进行了统计分析。在南极中山站，午后（磁地方时１４００～１８００ＭＬＴ）和子夜前后（２２００～０３００ＭＬＴ）出现极光的情况比较多，在傍晚（１８００～２２００ＭＬＴ）出现极光的情况要少一些；较强的极光主要也出现在午后和子夜附近。冕状极光主要出现在子夜附近和午后的极向侧和天顶，在傍晚出现很少；带状极光主要出现在午后和赤道侧的傍晚与子夜；极光浪涌主要出现在子夜前后；向日极光弧则主要出现在子夜前后，子夜前比子夜后多，极向和天顶比赤道侧多。除向日极光弧外，其它形态的极光在中山站的出现情况与Ｋｐ指数相关。中山站进入极光带的时间通常在午后，具体时间也与Ｋｐ指数有关

STATISTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE AURORA OBSERVED AT ZHONGSHAN STATION, ANTARCTICA

The auroral data observed by All Sky TV Camera during 1995 and 1997 at Zhongshan Station of Antarctica are used to analyze the statistic characteristics of the aurora appearing over Zhongshan Station. Around postnoon(1400￣1800MLT)and midnight (2200￣0300MLT), aurora appears more frequently and stronger than that around evening(1800￣2200MLT).The corona type aurora mainly occurs at polarward and overhead of Zhongshan Station during postnoon and around midnight. The band type aurora mainly appears during postnoon, while during evening and around midnight only appears at equatorward. The active surges mostly appear around midnight, while the transpolar arcs mainly occur after midnight. And except for the transpolar arcs, the appearance frequences of other three kinds of aurora are related with Kp index. Usually Zhongshan Station enters the auroral oval at postnoon, the exact time depends on Kp index.