互联网地图视觉质量的影响因素和优化对策

本文从地图制图专业视角出发,归纳互联网地图制图体系的要素及其关系,分析目前地图视觉质量仍待优化的必要性,并揭示现状问题的成因。进而结合互联网地图的特点、媒介环境和技术条件、受众认知与交互需求等,提出影响互联网地图视觉质量的用户考量、研究倾向、参与协同和介质技术等四大因素。由此,强调美学属性是地图必要的有机组分,网络地图服务的功能体验、交互体验、视觉体验相辅相成。最后,基于以用户为中心和跨学科协同的理念,回答了制图实践的方向性问题,从宏观指导、具体原则和实施细节三个层面,探讨了互联网地图视觉质量控制和优化设计的对策建议。

The visual quality of web maps: influence factors and optimization strategies

As a representative of geospatial information service carriers,web maps have been a requisite behaviur mode frequently used in urban public lifestyles.But its visual quality is still lack of specialized studies.Thus,from a professional view of cartographers,main subassemblies and their relations of web mapmaking system were summarized,and the remaining necessity and significance of visual improvements was emphasized for web-mapping practice nowadays.Furthermore,combined with web map's characteristics,components,user cognition and interactive requirements,influence factors of the visual quality of web maps were concluded,which comprised consideration of users research preference,participation and collaboration,and medium and techniques.Accordingly,it was emphasized that aesthetic attributes were the map's indispensable element,as well as functional,interactive and visual experiences composed a trinity in the cartographic framework.Finally,after answering the direetional problems in practices,visual optimization strategies were given based on a user-cantered and interdisciplinary concept,which included three levels of macro-gnidelines,conerete prineiphs and detailed implements.