福建省沿海砂质岸线防护林分布特征及生态修复探讨

以2019年遥感卫星影像为基础，通过监督分类与目视解译相结合的方法，获得福建省砂质岸线防护林的分布现状，结合多时相遥感影像数据，总结防护林的退化变化规律。结果表明：尽管近几十年来福建省防护林保护与修复取得了显著成效，但也有将近一半的砂质岸线存在无防护林、原有防护林消失、防护林不连续、修复后再度遭受破坏等问题。针对这些问题，提出了对砂质岸线防护林的保护与修复应遵循保护优先、自然恢复为主的方针。按照整体保护、系统修复的要求，防护林修复的近期目标是对问题严重的地段开展针对性修复，长期目标是形成连续的砂质岸线防护林，形成沿海第一道生态屏障，为提高福建省沿海生态系统生物的多样性起到积极作用。

Distribution status and restoration suggestions on shelter forests in sandy shoreline of Fujian Province

Based on the remote sensing satellite images taken in 2019, the authors acquire the distribution status of the shelter forests along sandy shoreline of Fujian Province in combination of supervision classification and visual interpretation, and summarize the degradation and change laws of the shelter forests with multi-temporal remote sensing images. The results show that although the protection and restoration of shelter forests in Fujian Province has achieved remarkable outcomes over past decades, but there are also some ecological and environmental problems in nearly half of the sandy shoreline, such as the absence of shelter forests, the disappearance of the original shoreline forests, the discontinuity of the shelter forests and the destruction of the shelter forests after restoration. In response to above problems, we propose that the protection and restoration of shelter forests along sandy shoreline shall follow the principle of "Priority protection and natural restoration". According to the requirements of "Overall protection and systematic restoration", the short-term goals of shelter forest restoration shall be set in the areas with serious problems, while the long-term goal is to form a continuous shelter forest in sandy shoreline and to build a first coastal ecological shield, so as to play a positive role in improving the biological diversity of the coastal ecosystem in Fujian Province.