Multi-frequency synthetic-aperture imaging with a lightweight ground penetrating radar system |
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| Authors: | Steven K Koppenjan Curt M Allen Duane Gardner Howard R Wong Hua Lee Stephanie J Lockwood |
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| Institution: | 1. Special Technologies Laboratory, Bechtel Nevada, Santa Barbara, CA, 93111, USA;2. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA;1. School of Communication and Information Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Wave, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China;1. School of Civil Engineering and Environmental Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA;2. School of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA |
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| Abstract: | The detection of buried objects, particularly hazardous waste containers and unexploded ordnance (UXO), has gained significant interest in the Unites States in the late 1990s. The desire to remediate the thousands of sites worldwide has become an increasing concern and the application of radar to this problem has received renewed attention. The US Department of Energy's Special Technologies Laboratory (STL), operated by Bechtel Nevada, has developed several frequency-modulated, continuous-wave (FM-CW) ground penetrating radar (GPR) units. To meet technical requirements for higher-resolution data, STL and the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB) is investigating advanced GPR hardware, signal processing, and synthetic-aperture imaging with the development of an innovative system. The goal is to design and fabricate a lightweight, battery-operated unit that does not require surface contact, can be operated by a novice user, and can achieve improved resolution. The latter is accomplished by using synthetic-aperture imaging, which forms the subsurface images by fully utilizing the data sequences collectively along a scan path. We also present the backward propagation algorithm as the basic structure of the multiple-frequency tomographic imaging technique, and the conventional fast Fourier transform (FFT) method which can be described as a degenerated case of the model where the computation procedure is approximated under the narrow-beam assumption. |
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| Keywords: | Ground penetrating radar FM-CW Synthetic-aperture imaging Synthetic aperture radar |
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