应用GPS技术实现长江口水位站高程的精确获取

长江口12.5 m深水航道投入运行后,每年直接经济效益超百亿元,为保障航道经济效益及水深的持续稳定,掌握长江口水位站高程数据十分重要,但这一特殊的海域地理位置使得传统高程测量方式凸显不足。本文通过将GPS测高技术应用到海陆交叉特殊地域,来获取水位站正常高。结合本区域已有似大地水准面的精化成果,主要采用布设B级GPS网,利用GAMIT基线解算软件、GPS-NET网平差软件保障数据处理质量,并用MEstimators对平差残差进行粗差探测等综合方式。研究结果表明,在海陆交叉地域,此种方式能够达到三四等级水准测量的精度要求。

Application of GPS Technology to Obtain the Accurate Height of Water-Level Station in Yangtze Estuary

As Yangtze estuary 12.5 m-deepwater channel put into use , it brings more than billions of direct economic benefit each year.To guarantee economic benefit and the channel depth keeping stability , it is necessary to get the elevation of Water -level sta-tion in Yangtze estuary.However, the special geographical location makes the traditional method of height survey unavailable .The normal height of water -level station is got by the practice of GPS vertical survey which is applied to the special geographical location . It is a comprehensive method which makes use of GPS B network and regional quasi -geoid refinement results .It also takes advantage of the baseline calculating software GAMIT and the network adjustment software GPS_NET to guarantee the quality of data processing . Then M-Estimators is used to detect gross error for adjustment residual .The research result shows that the precision of this measure-ment method can meet the precision of third and fourth grade leveling in paralic region .