荒漠蓝藻规模化培养试验

以人工生物土壤结皮治理沙化土地技术是近年来新兴的绿色环保固沙技术，是目前沙区生态恢复研究的热点。然而，用于人工生物土壤结皮培养的荒漠蓝藻等生物体的产量是限制该技术大规模应用的瓶颈。为阐明荒漠蓝藻规模化培养的生长特征及其限制因子，以分离于腾格里沙漠蓝藻结皮中的优势荒漠蓝藻——鱼腥藻（Anabaena cylindrica）、具鞘微鞘藻（Microcoleus vaginatus）、念珠藻（Nostoc carneum）、席藻（Phormidium sp. NIES-2121）、伪枝藻（Scytonema sp. NIES-4073）、爪哇伪枝藻（Scytonema javanicum）和单歧藻（Tolypothrix tenuis）为研究对象，测定了不同扰动时长下荒漠蓝藻的生长特征和产量，分析了荒漠蓝藻的生长与扰动时长、温度、光照强度、光合有效辐射、pH和电导率对荒漠蓝藻的影响。结果显示：荒漠蓝藻接种后干重先迅速增加后逐渐趋于稳定，而6 h和12 h扰动下干重在培养后期高于3 h扰动；荒漠蓝藻在3、6、12 h扰动下的总质量分别为每培养池（15 m³）0.858、0.940、0.841 kg；在3 h和12 h扰动下荒漠蓝藻干重与日均温度呈显著二项式相关，与日均光照强度和日均光合有效辐射呈显著负相关；荒漠蓝藻总质量与有效积温显著正相关。6 h扰动时长下荒漠蓝藻的总质量最高，且6 h扰动下荒漠蓝藻长势好于3 h，较12 h扰动耗能小。在荒漠蓝藻规模化培养时应将扰动时长设置为6 h，且确保生长期内的有效积温应不低于145 ℃。

Large-scale culture experiment of desert cyanobacteria

In recent years， the artificial biological soil crusts applied in land desertification has been developed to be a technology of new and green in the environment protection particular in fixing moving sand and the study of ecological restoration of desert areas. However， the yield of desert cyanobacteria and other organisms used for the cultivation of artificial biological soil crusts is a bottleneck that limits the large-scale application of this technology. Thereby， to explore the growth characteristics of mass-cultivation of desert cyanobacteria and their effect factors， seven predominated species isolating from Tengger Desert cyanobacteria crusts， including Microcolus vaginatus， Anabaena sp.， Nostoc sp.， Phormidium sp.， Scytonema sp.， Tolypothrix sp. and Scytonema javanicum， were selected as subjects. Results showed that the dry weight of desert cyanobacteria firstly quickly increased after inoculation and then slowly tend to stabilize. And， the dry weight of desert cyanobacteria under the disturbance of 6- and 12-hours was higher than that of the disturbance of 3 hours in the later cultivation. What's more， the total masses of desert cyanobacteria under the disturbance of 3-， 6- and 12-hours were 0.858-， 0.940- and 0.841-kg·pond^-1， respectively. Under the disturbance of 3- and 12-hours， the dry weight of desert cyanobacteria had a significant binomial relationship with varying temperature and a negative relationship with changes in the light intensity and the photosynthetically active radiation； also， the total mass of desert cyanobacteria was significantly positively correlated with the effective accumulated temperature. In conclusion， disturbance of 6 hours not only produced the highest total mass of desert cyanobacteria but developed the higher growth ratio of desert cyanobacteria very differently than under the disturbance of 3 hours； in the meantime， the consuming energy of desert cyanobacteria under the disturbance of 6 hours was less than that under the disturbance of 12 hours. Therefore， this study hints the disturbance duration during the growth period of desert cyanobacteria should be set to 6 hours and the effective accumulated temperature should be ≥145 ℃.