黄河流域非物质文化遗产的空间分异格局及其影响机制

以黄河流域9省区441个县域单元为研究区域，采用最邻近点指数、核密度估计、全局莫兰指数等方法分析黄河流域560项国家级非物质文化遗产的空间分布格局，并利用地理探测器的分异和交互作用探测影响因素与因子间的耦合互馈关系。结果表明：（1）黄河流域非遗空间分布地区差异显著。在区域分布上，中游非遗最多，下游非遗最少；在省域分布上，山西非遗最多，四川非遗最少；在县域分布上，菏泽市牡丹区非遗最多。（2）黄河流域非遗的最邻近指数为0.78，且置信度为99%，在空间分布上呈明显的集聚分布特征。（3）核密度呈集聚分布态势，形成“多核四带”的空间分布格局。（4）经济社会文化因素比自然因素的影响更显著，其中文化因素的博物馆和全国重点文物保护单位因子对非遗的空间分布影响最强，经济因素的人口、地区生产总值和城镇化水平因子较强，社会因素的交通和民族因子较弱，自然地理因素的地形地貌、气温、降水量因子的影响力整体最弱，因子间交互作用探测对非遗空间分布的影响解释力更强。

Spatial differentiation pattern and impacting mechanism of intangible cultural heritages in the Yellow River Basin

This research explores 441 county-level areas in nine provinces and autonomous regions of the Yellow River Basin. The spatial distribution pattern of 560 national intangible cultural heritage sites in the Yellow River Basin is analyzed by using methods such as nearest neighbor index， kernel density estimation， and global Moran index. The following conclusions are drawn by using the differentiation and interaction of geographic detectors to detect the coupling and mutual feedback relationship between influencing factors and sub-factors： （1） Intangible cultural heritages in the Yellow River Basin differs variably in spatial distribution. In terms of regional distribution， the middle reaches have the most intangible cultural heritage sites and lower reaches the least； in terms of provincial distribution， Shanxi has the most intangible cultural heritage sites and Sichuan the least； in terms of county-level distribution， Mudan District in Heze has the most intangible cultural heritage sites. （2）The Yellow River Basin has the nearest neighbor index for the intangible cultural heritage of 0.78 and a confidence level of 99%， showing significant clustering spatial distribution characteristics. （3） Nuclear density follows a trend of clustered distribution， forming a multi-core， four-belt spatial distribution pattern. （4） Economic， social and cultural factors are more influential than natural factors. Among cultural factors， museums and national key cultural relics protection units have the biggest impact on the spatial layout of intangible cultural heritage； among economic factors， the population， gross regional product and urbanization level are strong； among social factors， transportation and ethnic group are weak； and among natural geography factors， topography， temperature and precipitation have the weakest impact on the whole. Detecting the interaction between various factors has a stronger effect in interpreting the spatial distribution of intangible cultural heritages.