全国碳排放权交易市场下电解铝行业基准线法研究

2011年以来,我国碳排放权交易市场建设不断加快,碳排放权交易机制不断健全完善,其中基准线法被确定为全国碳交易初始配额分配的主要方法。电解铝行业是我国能源消耗和碳排放的重点部门,尽早将该行业纳入碳市场对于行业减排、纵深推进全国碳市场交易以及应对国际碳边境调节机制政策均有重要意义。基于2018年电解铝行业直报的碳排放相关数据,确定了我国电解铝行业开展全国碳交易的基准线方案。结果显示,电解铝行业宜选取8.12~8.15 t CO₂/t铝作为基准线取值,不需设置区域差异调整系数。同时为保证电解铝行业碳交易的顺利开展,还需尽快确定行业配额方案,进一步完善企业排放量的监测、报告和核查以提高核查填报数据质量,以及进一步研究电解铝行业碳排放核算的范围。

Study on the benchmark method of China’s electrolytic aluminum sector under national carbon emission trading market

Since 2011, the construction of China’s carbon emission trading market has been accelerated, and the carbon emission trading mechanism has been continuously improved. The benchmark method has been determined as the main method of national carbon trading initial allowance allocation method. The electrolytic aluminum sector is a key sector in China’s energy consumption and carbon emissions. Incorporating electrolytic aluminum sector into carbon market as soon as possible is of great significance to the industry’s emission reduction, the in-depth promotion of national carbon market transactions, and the response to the challenge of international carbon tariffs. Based on the carbon emissions related data that directly reported by the electrolytic aluminum sector in 2018, this paper presents a benchmark plan for China’s electrolytic aluminum sector to carry out national carbon trading. The results show that the electrolytic aluminum sector should select 8.12-8.15 t CO₂ per t aluminum as the benchmark value, and there is no need to set the regional difference adjustment coefficient. At the same time, in order to ensure the smooth development of carbon trading in the electrolytic aluminum sector, it is necessary to determine the industry quota plan as soon as possible, further improve the monitoring, reporting and verification of corporate emissions to improve the quality of direct reporting data, and further study the scope of carbon emissions accounting for the electrolytic aluminum industry.