微波辐射计资料在大雾预报预警中的应用

MP-3000A 是一种新型大气探测仪器,可以连续得到从地面到10 km 高度上高分辨率的位温、相对湿度、水汽密度及其廓线。选取大雾发生、维持及消散时微波辐射计观测数据,分析发现,大雾从形成到消散过程中水汽密度、相对湿度和位温均有不同变化；大雾发生前近地层大气中的相对湿度、水气密度一般会稳定增加,大雾发生时两者会有爆发性增加的现象。大雾维持阶段在近地层多伴有逆温层,辐射雾逆温层明显；大雾期间雾层高度有稳定型也有波动型,雾层高度下降时大雾会迅速加强。大雾消散时近地层大湿区减小抬升,水汽密度迅速减小。因此研究微波辐射计探测的大气水汽密度、液态水含量和位温,将有助于提高大雾生成与消散的预报、预警。

Microwave radiometer data application in the fog forecasting early warning

MP-3000A is a new atmospheric sounding instrument, which can be obtained continuously from the ground to the height of 10 km of high-resolution digital temperature, relative humidity, The water vapor density profile.Select fog occurs, upkeep and dissipate microwave radiometer observations,Analysis found that process from the formation of fog to dissipate,The evolution of the fog of water vapor density, relative humidity and potential temperature are different variations;Front fog occurs near surface atmospheric relative humidity, water vapor density is generally a steady increase,Fog occurs when They will increase explosively. There is inversion layer in near surface layer, radiation fog obvious ,maintenance phase in the fog.Fog layer of highly there are stable and fluctuating in during fog,Fog will quickly strengthen the fog layer height when dropped.When the fog dissipates a large wet area near surface layer reduction and uplift,The water vapor density decreases rapidly.Therefore, the microwave radiometer water vapor density, liquid water content and potential temperature studies, will help to improve the generation and dissipation of fog forecastingearly warning.