亚洲大陆型壳体的活化(地洼)构造与成矿特点

亚洲大陆岩石圈自古生代末起，相继在各个壳体发生活化，广泛形成地洼体制活动带，是亚洲大陆岩石围演化一运动史上的重大事件之一，在全球构造问题中占有重要的地位，为当代地球科学中的前沿课题。从壳体大地构造这一新思路分别对地洼体制构造单元在亚洲大陆的发生时代、分布范围、类型、发育特点及其大地构造意义；亚洲大陆地洼构造成矿的地球化学条件、主要矿种组合、主要矿床类型及其与其它大地构造类型的差别；亚洲地洼型成矿作用与多因复成矿床及超大型矿床的关系等诸多方面，进行了专门论述。有助于正确认识亚洲大陆广泛分布的有色、稀有金属内生矿床，以及泥炭、褐煤、油气田的构造类型特点、分布规律及其经济价值。

ACTIVATION (DIWA) STRUCTURES AND METALLOGENIC FEATURES OF THE CONTINENTAL-TYPE CRUSTOBODIES OF ASIA

Since the end of the Paleozoic, various crustobodies of the Asian continental lithosphere have successively undergone activation, resulting in the formation of widespread diwa-regime mobile belts. This is one of the important events in the evolution-movement history of the Asian continental lithosphere, occupies an important position in the problems of global tectonics and forms a frontier subject in modern geoscience. This paper, from an angle of crustobody geotectonics, discusses the following problems: formation time, distribution limits,types, development peculiarities and geotectonic significance of the diwa-regime tectonic element; geochemical conditions of ore formation, principal mineral associations and major deposit types in diwa structures of the Asian continent and their differences from those in other tectonic elements ; and relationships between diwa-type metallogenesis and polygenetic compound and ultragiant ore deposits. Such a discussion can contribute to a better understanding of the tectonic types, distribution pattern and economic value of non-ferrous and rare metal endogenic ore deposits, peat, lignite and oil-gas fields.