Spatial analysis of boil water advisories issued during an extreme weather event in the Hudson River Watershed,USA |
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| Institution: | 1. Tennessee Department of Health, Office of Informatics & Analytics, 710 James Robertson Parkway, Nashville, TN 37243, USA;2. North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, Division of Public Health, Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, 101 Blair Drive, Raleigh, NC 27699, USA;3. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Division of Toxicology and Human Health Sciences, Environmental Health Surveillance Branch, 4770 Buford HWY, NE, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA;4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Environmental Health, Office of Non-communicable Diseases, Injury and Environmental Health, 4770 Buford HWY, NE, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA;1. Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque 87185-MS1137, NM, USA;2. George Mason University, Volgenau School of Engineering, 4400 University Drive, MS6C1, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA;3. AEM Corporation, 13880 Dulles Corner Lane, Suite 300, Herndon 20171, VA, USA |
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| Abstract: | Water infrastructure in the United States is aging and vulnerable to extreme weather. In August 2011, Tropical Storm Irene hit the eastern part of New York and surrounding states, causing great damage to public drinking water systems. Several water supply districts issued boil water advisories (BWAs) to their customers as a result of the storm. This study seeks to identify the major factors that lead water supply systems to issue BWAs by assessing watershed characteristics, water supply system characteristics and treatment plant parameters of water districts in the Mohawk-Hudson River watershed in New York. Logistic regression model suggests that the probability of a BWA being issued by a water supply district is enhanced by higher precipitation during the storm, high density of septic systems, lack of recent maintenance and low population density. Interviews with water treatment plant operators suggested physical damage to water distribution systems were the main causes of boil water advisories during storms. BWAs result in additional costs to residents and communities, and the public compliance of the advisory instructions is low, so efforts must be made to minimize their occurrence. Prior investments in infrastructure management can proactively address municipal water supply and quality issues. |
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| Keywords: | Boil water advisory Tropical Storm Irene Mohawk-Hudson watershed Extreme weather Water infrastructure Water main break |
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