Fracture corridors as seal-bypass systems in siliciclastic reservoir-cap rock successions: Field-based insights from the Jurassic Entrada Formation (SE Utah,USA) |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Arctic Geology, University Centre in Svalbard, P.O. Box 156, 9171 Longyearbyen, Norway;2. Centre for Integrated Petroleum Research (Uni CIPR), Uni Research, Allégaten 41, 5007 Bergen, Norway;3. Department of Earth Science, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, 5007 Bergen, Norway;1. Department of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran;2. College of the Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Basij Square, Gorgan, Golestan Province, Iran;3. DEVELOP, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstraße 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany;1. Shell Italia E&P, Rome, Italy;2. Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell''Ambiente e delle Risorse, University Federico II, Napoli, Italy;3. Beicip Franlab, Rueil Malmaison, France;4. Badley Ashton & Associates, UK;1. Centre for Integrated Petroleum Research, Uni Research, Allégaten 41, 5007 Bergen, Norway;2. Department of Arctic Geology, University Centre in Svalbard, P.O. Box 156, 9171 Longyearbyen, Norway;3. Department of Earth Science, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, 5007 Bergen, Norway;4. Council for Geosciences, 3 Oos Street, 7535 Bellville, South Africa;5. Department of Geological Sciences, University of Cape Town, 13 University Avenue, 7701 Rondebosch, South Africa;6. Physics of Geological Processes (PGP), Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Postboks 1047, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway;7. Centre for Earth Evolution and Dynamics (CEED), University of Oslo, Postboks 1028, Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway;8. Volcanic Basin Petroleum Research AS, Oslo Innovation Center, Gaustadalléen 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway;1. DipNeT, Sassari University (Italy), via Piandanna 4, 07100 Sassari, Italy;2. Dipartimento dj Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Cagliari University (Italy), via Trentino 51, 09127, Italy |
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| Abstract: | Closely spaced, sub-parallel fracture networks contained within localized tabular zones that are fracture corridors may compromise top seal integrity and form pathways for vertical fluid flow between reservoirs at different stratigraphic levels. This geometry is exemplified by fracture corridors found in outcrops of the Jurassic Entrada Formation in Utah (USA). These fracture corridors exhibit discolored (bleached) zones, interpreted as evidence of ancient fracture-enhanced circulation of reducing fluids within an exhumed siliciclastic reservoir-cap rock succession. Extensive structural and stratigraphic mapping and logging provided fracture data for analysis with respect to their occurrence and relationships to larger faults and folds. Three types of fracture corridors, representing end-members of a continuum of possibly interrelated structures were identified: 1) fault damage zone including segment relays; 2) fault-tip process zone; and 3) fold-related crestal-zone fracture corridors. The three types exhibit intrinsic orientations and patterns, which in sum define a local- to regional network of inferred vertical and lateral, high-permeability conduits. The results from our analysis may provide improved basis for the evaluation of trap integrity and flow paths across the reservoir-cap rock interface, applicable to both CO2 storage operations and the hydrocarbon industry. |
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| Keywords: | Fracture corridors Bleaching Fracture-related fluid flow Reservoir-cap rock interconnectivity |
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