呼伦贝尔沙质草原风蚀坑形态发育模式分析

 野外调查测量呼伦贝尔沙质草原风蚀坑分布和形态参数,根据不同发展阶段的风蚀坑形态特征的差异、形态参数间相关关系和拟合结果分析了风蚀坑的形态演变和发育、成因、规律。发现不同发展阶段风蚀坑形态参数之间的控制关系和扩展模式不同,各形态参数之间具有较好的幂函数关系。对于风蚀坑的侵蚀坑而言,坑长增长速度最快,其后依次是坑宽和坑深,坑后积沙体具有类似规律。风蚀坑坑后积沙的3个形态参数,受侵蚀坑3个参数的联合控制,但受坑深的控制最为显著。风蚀坑出现的起始形态、地形特征、植被、气流场、气候条件、人类活动的扰动等对其形态和发育具有重要影响,并且形态和发育反作用于植被、气流等,形成形态与气流、植被之间的响应与反馈。

Morphology and Developmental Mode of Blowouts in Hulun Buir Sandy Grassland, China

This article reports the field survey results of distributions and morphological features of blowouts which are of different development stages in Hulun Buir sandy grassland, and then discusses the development process, growth rule, causes of formation through correlation analysis and regression analysis under the principle of allometric change of landform. It was found that the correlations and regression curves of morphological parameters in different development stages are not alike. It indicates that the growth modes as well as controlling relations among these morphological parameters are different. In planar form, the length increases fastest, which followed by the width and depth in turn. These three parameters of the deposit lobe are controlled by the three parameters of sand crater jointly, most notably by the depth parameter. In addition, the original landform, vegetation, airflow, climate, human activities can affect the development of blowouts strongly. Besides, there are response and feedback relations between blowouts' morphological development and vegetation or airflow.