大青山、蛮汗山外生菌根真菌资源调查

室外调查与室内观察鉴定结果表明：1．大青山、蛮汗山外生菌根真菌资源极为丰富。其中大青山已知存在78种外生菌根真菌，隶属于15科，3l属；蛮汗山已知存在79种外生菌根真菌，隶属于15科，32属。2．在高海拔阴坡和半阴坡，与青海云杉、落叶松共生的主要为牛肝菌属、乳菇属、红菇属、丝膜菌属；与阔叶树共生的以鹅膏科为最多。3．在中低海拔地区与松属共生频率最高的是乳牛肝菌属；与杨、桦共生最多的是杯伞属、桩菇属、蘑菇属。4．通过分离，在大青山、蛮汗山先后分别获得珍贵菌根菌10种、12种。5．在分离的菌根菌中乳牛肝菌属中的大部分种为油松、樟子松的优秀菌根真菌。

Investigation of ECM Fungi Resources in Mt. Daqing and Mt. M anhan

From 1996 to 1999,the thorough and systematic investigation had been made in Mt. Daqing and Mt. Manhan .In the field investigation,the representative gullies and ridges were selected as investigative area and that were divided at different altitude,on different slope and under different types of woods and vegetations. In the investigative area, the step and sample line investigation ways were applied. According to the ECM fungi fruit body's figure characteristics and the spores shape, size, color, the thickness and the surface characteristics of spore wall, the specimen were indetified. the mycorrhizal relationship was determined on the basis of the relation of the fungi fruit body and the surrounding trees and the trace of rhizomorph, the root mantle and the Hartig net under the microscope.The result revealed that:(1)The ECM fungi resources were very abundant and had more similarity in Mt. Daqing and Mt. Manhan .There are 78 species ECM fungi belonging to 15 families and 31 genus in Mt. Daqing and 79 species ECM fungi belonging to 15 families and 32 genus in Mt. Manhan.(2)On shape and semi_shape slope at high altitude, the ECM fungi of pine trees belong mainly to Boletus, Lactarius, Russula,Cortinarus genus;the ECM fungi of the broadleaf trees like Populus, Betula, Quercus etc.belong mainly to Amanita genus.(3)At middle and low altitude region,the ECM fungi of Pinus genus belong mainly to Suillus genus and the appearing frequency is higher.the ECM fungi of Populus and Betula genus belong mainly to Clitocybe, Paxillus, Agaricus and Lactarius genus and their appearing frequency are all higher.(4)By the seperation in Mt. Daqing and Ma. Manhan. We have got 10 and 12 species of precious ECM fungi respectively.(5)Through the experiments of mycorrhizal synthesis between the mycorrhizal fungi which had been isolated in recent years and the local main tree species such as Pinus tabulaeformis and Pinus sylvestri Var.mongolica and the excellent mycorrhizal fungi choices, the results that the most species of genus suillus were suitable to Pinus tabulaeformis and Pinus sylvestris Var.mongolica were determined. Recently these species have been applying to the field .The other fungi species will be determined through the mycorrhizal synthesis and the excellent fungi choices later.