中国沿海地区矿产资源态势与跨世纪可持续发展战略*

矿产资源是保证沿海地区经济持续发展的重要物质基础。但未来实现经济再增长将受到矿产保证程度低、供求缺口技大、资源空心化趋势明显筹资源问题和由此引起的一系列环境问题的多重制约,最大限度地节约资源,扩大利用国际矿源,推广清洁生产,建立节矿型生产体系、开放型资源保障体系和以产权约束为核心的资源资产管理制度,走集约型资源综合利用之路是沿海地区解决上述资源与环境问题、实现21世纪可持续发展的主要战略措施。

EXPLOITATION OF MINERAL RESOURCES IN THE EASTCONASTAL AREAS OF CHINA AND ITS SUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENT STRATEGY IN 21ST CENTURY

Mineral resources are the vital physical bases for the pledge of sustainable economic development in the east coastal areas of China. The continuous growth of economy in this region will be seriously limited by many resources factors such as low-guaranteed level, expanding gap between demand and supply, tendency of the mineral resources exhausting, and consequently a series of envirionmental problems coming from the exploitation of resources, etc.. Right now, serious wastes are still happening in the resources processing and exploitation, causing the low utilization rate of the resources. ln order to guarantee the rapid development of economy and to improve the environmental qualities of this region in the next century, the following strategic countermeasures should be adopted. (1) To improve the adjustment pace of the resource industries, to economize the resources to a maximum extent, and to tap the new mineral resources by all means. (2) To acquire the point of view of global resources, to expand the utilization of the international mineral resources, through the enlargement of the international volume of trade and the adjustment Of the structure of import and export trade, to increase the import and to decrease the export of the mineral products to alleviate the restriction of economic development in coastal region of China, and to establish the resource guarantee system under the open policy. (3) To take the intensive and comprehensive way in the utilization of the resources based on technology improvement, to enhance the comprehensive exploitation and utilization rate of the mineral resources and the waste resources of the mineral industry. (4) To spread the sanitary productive technology, to reduce the pollution by means of complete control from the very beginning to the end of production and consumption. (5) To apply the scientific principles of mineral resources, to establish the physical and valueaccount of different mineral resources and to set up resource/asset managment system bounded bythe property right.