基于不同区域尺度的世界炼油能力分布特征与格局演化

本文基于全球、区域和国家三个不同尺度，对1965年～2011年世界炼油能力进行分析，得出结论：（1）整体而言，世界炼油能力呈现上升的趋势，且年际变化幅度在-3.14%～9.56%之间，1987年以来炼油能力的增长速度稳定，变化幅度在3%以内；（2）不同区域的炼油能力差异显著，其中亚太地区最高，北美和欧洲次之，非洲、中南美洲和中东地区炼油能力较低。各区域炼油能力变化的趋势和占世界炼油能力的比重呈现出不一样的变化特征；（3）从国家尺度来看，世界炼油能力的空间分布极不均衡，炼油能力超过百万桶/日的国家主要分布在北美、欧洲、中东和亚太地区。70年代以来世界炼油的重心呈现出不断东移的趋势，中东和亚太地区是世界炼油能力新的增长极。

Distribution of World Oil Refining Capacity and its Evolution Based on Different Regional Scales

This paper analyses the worl d oil refining capacity from 1965 to 2011 based on the different regional scales. Conclusions are as follows： （1） Generally speaking, the world oil refining capacity showed a rising trend with inter annual variation from -3.14%to 9.56%, and the growth rate was stable from 1987 to 2011 with inter annual variation less than 3%. （2） From the regional scale, oil refining capacities were significant differ ence. The Asia Pacific had the highest refining capacity, and North American taken the second place. The refining capacity of Africa, Central ＆amp; South America and Middle East were low. Changing trends and proportions of different regions showed a different track. （3） From the national level, spatial distribution was highly unbalanced. Countries with refining capacity more than one million barrels/day were concentrated in North America, Europe, Middle East and Asia Pacific. Gravity of refining capacity continued towards the east and Middle East and Asia Pacific became the new growth pole of the world oil refining.