加密自动站资料在强对流天气分析预报中的应用

利用常规分析资料、雷达产品和太原地面加密自动站资料,对2008年6月28日出现在太原地区的一次强对流天气过程进行了分析,结果发现:①高空冷涡和中低空暖湿气团配置为此次强对流天气提供了有利的环流背景条件。②雷达回波的形状、结构、VIL均显示出强对流特征,速度辐合区与地面中尺度辐合线相对应,垂直方向存在强烈的风切变。③逐小时变温场显示出冷空气入侵路径、强度,负变温中心未来成为强对流天气区。④地面中尺度辐合线是强对流发生的触发机制,逐小时变压场的负中心与随后出现的灾害性天气区有效对应。⑤对流发生前,单站气象要素出现显著的不连续变化,气压和湿度呈同位相变化,与气温变化则反位相,3者在对流发生前1h同步出现谷(峰)值,灾害天气出现在之后的要素陡升(降)时段内。

Application of AWS Data to Analysis and Forecasting of Severe Weather

Using the conventional meteorological data,radar products,and automatic weather station data,the severe convective weather event on 28 June 2008 in Taiyuan is analyzed.The results show：（1） The configuration of the upper-level cold vortex and the middle-lower level wet and warm air mass provided the favorable circulation background for the severe convective weather.（2） The shape,structure,and VIL of the radar echoes showed strong convective characteristics,and the speed convergent zone corresponded well with the surface meso-scale convergence line,which means that there was strong wind shear along the vertical direction.（3） The hour-to-hour temperature-change field revealed the path and the strength of the cold air intrusion,and the negative temperature-change center would become severe convective weather area later.（4） The triggering mechanism of the severe convection was the surface meso-scale convergence line,and the negative center of the hour-to-hour pressure-change field corresponded with the ensuing severe weather area well.（5） Before the convection occurred,the single station meteorological elements showed notable discontinuous changes： pressure and relative humidity changed in the same direction,and temperature changed in the opposite direction;the three elements reached the peak values synchronously one hour before the severe weather event,and the severe weather occurred during the rapidly increasing period of the element values.