高地下水位条件下重盐碱洼地治理效果的初步观察*

禹城北丘洼属“半封闭重盐化咸水区”,潜水埋深浅,地下水矿化度高为其主要自然特征。对洼地采用区外引水、明渠灌、排、蓄等技术措施,进行综合治理,潜水埋深没有降低,却取得了显著治理效果。对这一客观现象的初步分析表明,明渠引水、蓄水,保证了干旱季节农田灌溉和对盐分的淋洗,有效地促使作物根系层的水盐下行;农田作物覆盖层不仅改善了近地层蒸发和土壤返盐的环境条件,而且作物蒸腾可有效地控制根系层盐分积累。

RECLAMATION OF SERIOUS SALINE ALKALI LOWLAND UNDER THE HIGH LEVEL GROUND WATER CONDITION

Beiqiu Lowland is in a semi closed area with shallow and saline ground water. Some integrated techniques were introduced to reclaim the area, including transferring water from the outside of the area, irrigation, drainage and conservation with uncovered canals. Therefore, the level of ground water does not go down but the results of reclamation are obvious. The analysis of this phenomenon indicates that irrigation and conservation with uncovered canals ensure the field irrigation and the leaching of salt in the dry season; the cover of crops not only improves the environments of near surface evaporation and salt rising from soil but also effectively controls salt accumulation in root zone.