地理信息系统（GIS）软件评析

地理信息系统（ＧＩＳ）是计算机科学的主要应用领域之一，因此ＧＩＳ技术的进步直接受到计算机软硬件技术发展的影响。本归纳总结了ＧＩＳ软件的功能与特点。对ＧＩＳ软件所支持的操作系统，数据库界面及数据交换格式作了深入的比较与分析。中一些最常用的ＧＩＳ软件产品被选作代表性系统以展示地理信息系统的基本功能类型。最后，ＧＩＳ软件近期内的几处主要发展趋势（开放的ＧＩＳ、面向对象的ＧＩＳ和桌面ＧＩＳ）也在中得

REVIEW ON GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS) SOFTWARES

GIS is one of the major application fields of computer science, so that the progress of GIS technology is directly influenced by computer hardware development. This paper reviews the features and functions of GIS software packages. The operation systems, database interfaces and data exchange formats supported by GIS softwares are carefully compared and analyzed. Some most commonly used GIS products are selected and introduced as representative systems to show basic functions and types that a GIS usually performs. Some recent developments in GIS softwares are discussed as well. The discussion and analysis in this paper are significant for users to establish proper geographic information systems and select reasonable softwares and hardwares.