H2O- and OH-bearing minerals in the martian regolith:: analysis of 1997 observations from HST/NICMOS |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran;2. Department of Agriculture, Goldaru Pharmaceutical Company, Isfahan, Iran;3. Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahwaz, Ahwaz, Iran;4. Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Isfahan Branch, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Isfahan, Iran;5. Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina B2, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia;6. Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 14, SK-845 23 Bratislava, Slovakia;1. HESA at the Department for Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chalubinskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland;2. Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Str., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland;3. Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Ludwika Pasteura 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland;4. Invex, Al. Solidarnosci 34, 25-323 Kielce, Poland;5. Department of Physical Chemistry, Chair of Physical Pharmacy and Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Str., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland;6. Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 5, 92-215 Lodz, Poland;7. Department for Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chalubinskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland |
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| Abstract: | We have analyzed observations of the Acidalia hemisphere of Mars taken by the Hubble Space Telescope's Near-Infrared Camera Multi-Object Spectrograph (HST/NICMOS) during July of 1997 (Ls=152°, northern martian summer). The data consist of images at ∼60 km/pixel resolution, using both narrow- and medium-band filters specifically selected to allow us to study the hydration state of the martian surface. Calibration was performed by comparison to Phobos-2 ISM observations of overlapping regions, and atmospheric gas correction was performed by modeling the atmosphere for each pixel using a line-by-line radiative transfer code coupled with the MOLA altimetry data. Our results indicate the presence of at least three spectrally different large-scale (>1000 km diameter) terrains corresponding to the dark regions of northern Acidalia, the southern hemisphere classical dark terrain, and the classical intermediate terrain adjacent to southern Acidalia. We also identified two other spectrally unique terrains, corresponding to the northern polar ice cap, and to the southern winter polar hood. Comparisons with mineral spectra indicate the possibility of different H2O- or OH-bearing (i.e., hydroxides and/or hydrates) minerals existing both in northern Acidalia and in the nearby intermediate albedo terrain. Hydrated minerals do not appear to be spectrally important components of the southern hemisphere dark terrains imaged by HST in 1997. |
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