Continental influence on the spatial distribution of particulate loading over the Indian Ocean during winter season |
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| Institution: | 1. Brain and Mind Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering (NBE), School of Science, Aalto University, 00076, AALTO, Espoo, Finland;2. Laboratory of Integrated Neuroscience and Cognition, Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20057, USA;3. Special Laboratory Non-Invasive Brain Imaging, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestraße 6, D-39118 Magdeburg, Germany;4. Institute for Advanced Study, TUM, Munich-Garching, 80333 Munich, Germany;5. MEG Core, Aalto NeuroImaging, Aalto University, 00076, AALTO, Espoo, Finland;6. AMI Centre, Aalto NeuroImaging, Aalto University, 00076, AALTO, Espoo, Finland;1. Department of Audiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, S?hhiye, Ankara, Turkey;2. Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell''Università 31, Rome 00161, Italy;1. NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025, USA;2. Columbia University, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025, USA |
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| Abstract: | Advection of continental aerosols over to the Arabian Sea and Indian Ocean regions during winter (when the prevailing synoptic wind is north-easterly) has been studied by examining the spatial distribution of the near-surface aerosol mass concentration (MC). In the northern part of Arabian Sea and north of the inter-tropical convergence zone (ITCZ) MC is significantly larger than that in the southern side of ITCZ. A prominent high in MC is observed near the mid-Arabian Sea region ～12° to 15°N. Associated with local convergences introduced by mesoscale weather systems, pockets of high MC are observed at different locations over the oceanic regions. Significantly low values of MC are observed in the ITCZ. Surface streamlines and wind patterns indicate advection of continental aerosols from the adjoining landmass over to the oceanic environment. Aerosol mass concentration in the far oceanic region is also influenced by in situ production of sea-spray aerosols, which depends on wind speed. The nature of advection of continental aerosols has been studied by separating the wind-induced component of MC and chemical nature of the aerosols. The spatial variation of the wind-independent component matches well with that of the non-sea-salt aerosols estimated from chemical composition. |
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