高架地铁线（站）防雷若干问题探讨

地铁是机电系统、电气系统和电子系统高度集中的工程建设项目,雷电对地铁各控制系统的功能、对乘客及相关人员的人身安全带来严重的威胁.通过计算北京地铁新城五线高架车站的年预计雷击次数,对地铁在特大型城市中的重要性、发生雷电事故后果严重程度进行分析.结果表明,地铁高架车站(及高架区间)应为第二类防雷建筑物.运行列车遭受雷击可能性分析表明,充分利用高架区间灯杆的高度,在接触轨和走行轨上按一定的间隔安装专用电涌保护器有利于加强和完善列车和牵引电源的雷电防护.分析了在高架桥梁的防雷接地中大量使用地极保护器的利与弊,探讨了通过加强对杂散电流防腐的设计来减少或不使用地极保护器的基本构思.

Lightning Protection Design of Elevated Subway Stations

The subways are engineering construction projects with highly centralized mechatronic, electrical, and electronic systems. The lightning brings about serious threat to subway control systems, and the safety of passengers and staff personal. Through calculating of the number of the predicted lightning strikes at the elevated stations of newly built five subways in Beijing, the significance of the subway system in megapolises and the severity of lightning accident consequence and other factors are analyzed. The results indicate that the elevated subway stations (and the elevated section) are determined as the second type of buildings for lightning protection. The analysis of the lightning strike possibility of running trains indicates that the special surge protector devices should be installed in the contact rail and walking tracks according to a certain interval, so to strengthen and improve the lightning protection of traction power supply. The advantages and disadvantages of using separating series gaps in the elevated bridge grounding are analyzed. The idea of reducing or stopping the use of the separating series gaps, rather strengthening the corrosion protection design of stray current is discussed.