秦岭山区南秦河流域崩滑地质灾害发育特征及主控因素

秦岭山区地质构造复杂、岩体结构破碎、斜坡类型特殊,是中国地质灾害高发区之一。为了查明秦岭山区崩滑地质灾害发育的主控因子,以南秦河小流域为例,通过野外实地调查和室内综合研究,查明区内滑坡、崩塌地质灾害的发育特征,分析灾害发育的孕灾环境。最后得出,长期构造变形作用下的地层奠定了灾害发育的物质基础,多种结构面对崩滑灾害的形成起着控制作用,斜坡结构类型控制着崩滑灾害的成灾模式,构造断裂控制着崩滑灾害的空间分布,人类工程活动加剧了崩塌和滑坡的发育程度,而极端降雨是崩滑地质灾害发生的主要诱因。

Characteristics of main controlling factors of landslide in Nanqin River, Qinling Mountains

Qinling Mountains with complex geological structures, shattered rocks and specific types of slope constitute one of the geohazard high incidence areas. In order to ascertain the main controlling factors of landslide and collapse in Qingling Mountains, the authors chose Nanqin River basin as the study object and conducted on-the-spot investigation and comprehensive research to find out the development characteristics of landslide and analyze the environment of hazard development. The results show that stratigraphic lithology affected by long-term tectonic deformation seems to be the material basis of geological disasters. The multiple structural plane plays a controlling role in the geological disasters. The slope structure controls the geological disaster model. The structural faults control the spatial distribution of collapse and landslide. The human engineering activities exacerbate the development degree of collapse and landslide. The extreme rainfall is the main inducement of geological disasters.