泰山PM10及其中化学成分变化特征

为研究华北平原区域背景气溶胶成分及其变化特征，2010年6月至2011年7月在泰山顶采集了64个PM10滤膜样品，分析了样品的PM10及其中无机盐离子和有机碳（OC）、元素碳（EC）的质量浓度，并对各成分相关性等进行了分析。泰山PM10年均质量浓度约为68.4 mg/m³，其中无机盐离子约占总质量的64.8%，碳气溶胶约占17.4%。无机盐离子的质量浓度从春季逐渐增大，夏季达到峰值，秋季下降，冬季最小；OC质量浓度从春季至秋季逐渐增高，冬季最低，EC变化类似，但夏秋两季差别不大。二次有机碳（SOC）与OC的比值四季均在50%以上，年均值约为58.5%。通过后向轨迹聚类分析发现，在经过城市的较短轨迹以及南方较短混合轨迹的影响下，泰山PM10质量浓度较高，而西北长距离传输气团PM10浓度均较低。

Characters of PM10 and Its Chemical Components at Mount Tai

In order to better understand the chemical components and their variations of background aerosols in the North China Plain, sixty-four PM10 samples were collected on the top of Mount Tai from June 2010 to July 2011. The mass concentrations and seasonal variations of PM10 as well as its nine water soluble ions, organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) have been analyzed. The correlation analysis of various chemical components has also been performed. The annual average mass concentration of PM10 is 68.4 mg/m³, and inorganic salts accounts for 64.8% in PM10, while carbon aerosol accounts for 17.4%. The mass concentration of inorganic salt increases gradually from spring, reaches its peak in summer, then decreases in autumn and comes to the lowest in winter. The mass concentration of OC increases from spring to autumn and reaches the minima in winter. Similar pattern has been found in the mass concentration of EC; however, the EC concentrations of summer and autumn are similar. The ratio of secondary organic carbon (SOC) to OC is above 50% for all seasons with an annual average of 58.5%. Back trajectory analysis shows that when Mount Tai is mainly influenced by air masses from the southern area and megacities, mass concentrations of PM10 and its components are high; while it is mainly influenced by air masses from Northwest China through long distance transportation, the mass concentrations of PM10 and its components are much lower.