An advective boundary-layer model applied to Sydney,Australia

It is shown with simple two-dimensional advective models that artificial heat generation in the Sydney area, on early mornings in July, is largely responsible for the downwind temperature increase over the city. The models predict the height of the mixing layer and also the temperature increase downwind which agrees favourably with observations. The models require the following information: (1) average wind speed, (2) lapse rate difference between the stable upwind atmosphere and the air layer over the city, (3) the upwind surface temperature, (4) the vertical thermal diffusivity upwind, and (5) artificial heat generation. Data on energy use in the Sydney area have been presented elsewhere. A sensitivity analysis has been performed to study the interaction between the input parameters and their role in modifying the city's atmospheric boundary layer.