金属矿床地质的发展——纪念《矿床地质》创刊十周年

矿床知识来自矿业。有关矿石成因的争论曾引导到野外现场实际观察的良好趋向。20世纪中叶以来,先后应用先进的设备仪器以及如同位素和流体包裹体等对矿床进行研究;这不仅扩大了成矿作用的视野,而且更加深入洞察矿石的习性。然而,有关矿石成因与来源问题的争论仍在继续;不过进入了更深的层次。欲探索矿石形成的客观规律,最合理的方法是结合野外的现场观察进行室内的仔细研究。

A review about the development of ore deposit geology

The knowledge of ore deposits began with metal mining. According to the antiques unearthed recently, China appears to be the earliest country in copper and gold mining. While Guanzi (the 7th century B.C.)recorded some plain ideas about vertical ore zoning raised by ancient experienced Chinese miners, the western philosophers were only making different speculations about possible ore-forming processes on the basis of a little firsthand material. The controversy in opinions about ore genesis resulted in a good trend of field observation. At the beginning of twentieth century, vast accumulations of observational documents made it possible to suggest reasonable theory and classification of ore deposits. Since the mid-20th century, due to the application of advanced equipments, instruments and varied new means such as isotopes and fluid inclusions to the study of ore deposits, not only the field of vision on metallogenesis has been enlarged but also the insight into habitual features of ores deepened. The dispute about the ore origin and source has been still going On, but more profoundly in the arrangement of ideas. A few recent interesting papers Oil the variation of stable isotopes and the characteristics of fluid inclusions reveal that these unique parameters used aS indices to detect the probable genetic process and source of ores are actually variables in time and space. Therefore, the most reasonable way to approach the objective law of ore deposition is to combine the laboratory research with the on-the-spot field observation.