First pachycephalosaurid (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) from the Frenchman Formation (upper Maastrichtian) of Saskatchewan,Canada |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Palaeobiology, Canadian Museum of Nature, P.O. Box 3443 Station D, Ottawa, ON, K1P 6P4, Canada;2. Department of Palaeobiology, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen''s Park, Toronto, ON, M5S 2C6, Canada;4. Geology Department, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada;1. Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA;2. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA;3. Department of Vertebrate Paleontology, Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, PA 44272, USA;4. Department of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medicine University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA;1. University of Colorado Denver, Campus Box 172, Denver, CO 80217-3364, USA;2. National Operations Center, USDOI-Bureau of Land Management, Denver, CO 80225, USA;3. Peace Region Palaeontological Research Center, Box 1540, Tumbler Ridge, BC V0C 2W0, Canada;4. School of the Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China;5. Earth, Atmospheric & Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;6. Wyoming State Office, Bureau of Land Management, Cheyenne, WY 82003, USA;7. 3072 Bison Ave, Grand Junction, CO 81504, USA;8. 3245 Downey Ct., #2, Clifton, CO 81520, USA;9. Bureau of Land Management, Uncompahgre Field Office, 2465 S. Townsend Ave., 81401 Montrose, CO, USA;1. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”, Av. Ángel Gallardo 470 (C1405DJR), Buenos Aires, Argentina;2. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET);3. División Paleontología Vertebrados, Museo de La Plata, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s/n., B1900FWA, La Plata, Argentina;4. Fundación de Historia Natural “Félix de Azara”, Universidad Maimónides, Hidalgo 775 (C1405BDB), Buenos Aires, Argentina;5. Dirección Nacional del Antártico - Instituto Antártico Argentino, Cerrito 1248, Buenos Aires 1010, Argentina;1. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, 1801 Mountain Road, NW, Albuquerque, NM 87104, USA;2. School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Grant Institute, James Hutton Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FE, Scotland, UK;1. School of the Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China;2. Peace Region Palaeontology Research Centre, 255 Murray Drive, Tumbler Ridge, British Columbia V0C 2W0, Canada;3. Dinosaur Trackers Research Group, University of Colorado Denver, PO Box 173364, Denver, CO 80217, USA;4. Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, CH-4001 Basel, Switzerland;5. Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Linyi University, Linyi, Shandong 276000, China;6. Department of Paleontology, Beijing Natural History Museum, Beijing 100050, China;7. Geological Museum of Gansu, Lanzhou 730040, China |
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| Abstract: | Compared to earlier representatives of the family, pachycephalosaurids are less well known from upper Maastrichtian deposits around the world. Here, we report on a nearly complete left postorbital attributable to the pachycephalosaurid Sphaerotholus cf. Sphaerotholus buchholtzae from the upper Maastrichtian Frenchman Formation of Saskatchewan. This marks a probable northern range extension for the species into Canada, and the first occurrence of a pachycephalosaurid from this formation. We further demonstrate the taxonomic distinction between Stegoceras edmontonense and S. buchholtzae, which has been debated, based on postorbital sutural proportions. The northerly occurrence of Sphaerotholus cf. S. buchholtzae is consistent with the hypothesis of low beta diversity during the late Maastrichtian of North America, and its high stratigraphic incidence documents the persistence of non-pachycephalosaurin pachycephalosaurines in a critical interval for understanding the end-Cretaceous mass extinction event. |
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| Keywords: | Pachycephalosauridae Saskatchewan Upper Cretaceous Morphometrics Frenchman Formation |
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